@article{fdi:010065276,
  title = {{T}setse control and {G}ambian sleeping sickness ; implications for control strategy},
  author = {{T}irados, {I}. and {E}sterhuizen, {J}. and {K}ovacic, {V}. and {M}angwiro, {T}. {N}. {C}. and {V}ale, {G}. {A}. and {H}astings, {I}. and {S}olano, {P}hilippe and {L}ehane, {M}. {J}. and {T}orr, {S}. {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {G}ambian sleeping sickness (human {A}frican trypanosomiasis, {HAT}) outbreaks are brought under control by case detection and treatment although it is recognised that this typically only reaches about 75% of the population. {V}ector control is capable of completely interrupting {HAT} transmission but is not used because it is considered too expensive and difficult to organise in resource-poor settings. {W}e conducted a full scale field trial of a refined vector control technology to determine its utility in control of {G}ambian {HAT}. {M}ethods and {F}indings {T}he major vector of {G}ambian {HAT} is the tsetse fly {G}lossina fuscipes which lives in the humid zone immediately adjacent to water bodies. {F}rom a series of preliminary trials we determined the number of tiny targets required to reduce {G}. fuscipes populations by more than 90%. {U}sing these data for model calibration we predicted we needed a target density of 20 per linear km of river in riverine savannah to achieve >90% tsetse control. {W}e then carried out a full scale, 500 km(2) field trial covering two {HAT} foci in {N}orthern {U}ganda to determine the efficacy of tiny targets (overall target density 5.7/km(2)). {I}n 12 months, tsetse populations declined by more than 90%. {A}s a guide we used a published {HAT} transmission model and calculated that a 72% reduction in tsetse population is required to stop transmission in those settings. {I}nterpretation {T}he {U}gandan census suggests population density in the {HAT} foci is approximately 500 per km2. {T}he estimated cost for a single round of active case detection (excluding treatment), covering 80% of the population, is {US}$433,333 ({WHO} figures). {O}ne year of vector control organised within the country, which can completely stop {HAT} transmission, would cost {US}$42,700. {T}he case for adding this method of vector control to case detection and treatment is strong. {W}e outline how such a component could be organised.},
  keywords = {{KENYA} ; {OUGANDA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {e0003822 [22 p.]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0003822},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010065276},
}