@article{fdi:010064854,
  title = {{H}ow clonal are {N}eisseria species ? {T}he epidemic clonality model revisited},
  author = {{T}ibayrenc, {M}ichel and {A}yala, {F}.{J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he three species {N}eisseria meningitidis, {N}eisseria gonorrheae, and {N}eisseria lactamica are often regarded as highly recombining bacteria. {N}. meningitidis has been considered a paradigmatic case of the "semiclonal model" or of "epidemic clonality," demonstrating occasional bouts of clonal propagation in an otherwise recombining species. {I}n this model, occasional clonality generates linkage disequilibrium in the short term. {I}n the long run, however, the effects of clonality are countered by recombination. {W}e show that many data are at odds with this proposal and that {N}. meningitidis fits the criteria that we have proposed for predominant clonal evolution ({PCE}). {W}e point out that (i) the proposed way to distinguish epidemic clonality from {PCE} may be faulty and (ii) the evidence of deep phylogenies by microarrays and whole-genome sequencing is at odds with the predictions of the semiclonal model. {L}ast, we revisit the species status of {N}. meningitidis, {N}. gonorrheae, and {N}. lactamica in the light of the {PCE} model.},
  keywords = {deep phylogeny ; linkage disequilibrium ; near-clade ; molecular epidemiology ; predominant clonal evolution},
  booktitle = {{I}n the light of evolution {IX} : clonal reproduction : alternatives to sex sackler colloquium},
  journal = {{P}roceedings of the {N}ational {A}cademy of {S}ciences of the {U}nited {S}tates of {A}merica},
  volume = {112},
  numero = {29},
  pages = {8909--8913},
  ISSN = {0027-8424},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1073/pnas.1502900112},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064854},
}