@article{fdi:010064217,
  title = {{I}dentification of phlebotomine sand flies using one {MALDI}-{TOF} {MS} reference database and two mass spectrometer systems},
  author = {{M}athis, {A}. and {D}epaquit, {J}. and {D}vorak, {V}. and {T}uten, {H}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure and {H}alada, {P}. and {Z}apata, {S}. and {L}ehrter, {V}. and {H}lavackova, {K}. and {P}rudhomme, {J}orian and {V}olf, {P}. and {S}ereno, {D}enis and {K}aufmann, {C}. and {P}fluger, {V}. and {S}chaffner, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {R}apid, accurate and high-throughput identification of vector arthropods is of paramount importance in surveillance programmes that are becoming more common due to the changing geographic occurrence and extent of many arthropod-borne diseases. {P}rotein profiling by {MALDI}-{TOF} mass spectrometry fulfils these requirements for identification, and reference databases have recently been established for several vector taxa, mostly with specimens from laboratory colonies. {M}ethods: {W}e established and validated a reference database containing 20 phlebotomine sand fly ({D}iptera: {P}sychodidae, {P}hlebotominae) species by using specimens from colonies or field-collections that had been stored for various periods of time. {R}esults: {I}dentical biomarker mass patterns ('superspectra') were obtained with colony-or field-derived specimens of the same species. {I}n the validation study, high quality spectra (i.e. more than 30 evaluable masses) were obtained with all fresh insects from colonies, and with 55/59 insects deep-frozen (liquid nitrogen/-80 degrees {C}) for up to 25 years. {I}n contrast, only 36/52 specimens stored in ethanol could be identified. {T}his resulted in an overall sensitivity of 87 % (140/161); specificity was 100 %. {D}uration of storage impaired data counts in the high mass range, and thus cluster analyses of closely related specimens might reflect their storage conditions rather than phenotypic distinctness. {A} major drawback of {MALDI}-{TOF} {MS} is the restricted availability of in-house databases and the fact that mass spectrometers from 2 companies ({B}ruker, {S}himadzu) are widely being used. {W}e have analysed fingerprints of phlebotomine sand flies obtained by automatic routine procedure on a {B}ruker instrument by using our database and the software established on a {S}himadzu system. {T}he sensitivity with 312 specimens from 8 sand fly species from laboratory colonies when evaluating only high quality spectra was 98.3 %; the specificity was 100 %. {T}he corresponding diagnostic values with 55 field-collected specimens from 4 species were 94.7 % and 97.4 %, respectively. {C}onclusions: {A} centralized high-quality database (created by expert taxonomists and experienced users of mass spectrometers) that is easily amenable to customer-oriented identification services is a highly desirable resource. {A}s shown in the present work, spectra obtained from different specimens with different instruments can be analysed using a centralized database, which should be available in the near future via an online platform in a cost-efficient manner.},
  keywords = {{A}rthropod identification ; {B}ruker ; {C}entralized reference database ; {C}ross reference ; {P}hlebotominae ; {P}rotein {P}rofiling ; {S}himadzu ; {S}pectra processing ; {V}alidation},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {},
  pages = {266},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-015-0878-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064217},
}