@article{fdi:010064192,
  title = {{A} new {C}arodnia {S}impson, 1935 ({M}ammalia, {X}enungulata) from the early eocene of northwestern {P}eru and a phylogeny of {X}enungulates at species level},
  author = {{A}ntoine, {P}. {O}. and {B}illet, {G}. and {S}alas-{G}ismondi, {R}. and {L}ara, {J}. {T}. and {B}aby, {P}atrice and {B}russet, {S}. and {E}spurt, {N}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n spite of a scarce fossil record and poor diversity, xenungulates cover a wide spatial range throughout {S}outh {A}merica: a new representative of {C}arodnia {S}impson, 1935, attests to the northernmost occurrence of a carodniid xenungulate, similar to 4,500km away from previous occurrences ({S}a {J}os, de {I}taborai, {R}io de {J}aneiro, {B}razil; {C}hubut {P}rovince, {P}atagonia, {A}rgentina) and very close to the {P}acific {C}oast. {A} phylogenetic analysis of {X}enungulata at the species level shows that {X}enungulata and {C}arodniidae are monophyletic, while {E}tayoidae are potentially paraphyletic, at least with the selected taxonomic sample. {P}hylogenetic relationships among {X}enungulata are [{N}otoetayoa gargantuai, {E}tayoa bacatensis [{C}arodnia sp. nov. [{C}arodnia feruglioi, {C}. cf. feruglioi, {C}. vieirai]]]. {T}he new species is well differentiated from other xenungulates in having the m3 slightly smaller than m2 in terms of occlusal area and the entoconid and hypoconid almost at the same level on m3. {I}t further differs from all other xenungulates but {E}tayoa bacatensis in possessing a transverse protolophid on m3. {I}t is distinct from all other representatives of {C}arodnia in showing a precingulid strongly developed on m2-m3. {R}eferral of the locality to the well-constrained early {E}ocene {M}ogolln {F}ormation also confirms (i) the persistence of both carodniid and etayoid xenungulates well after the {P}aleocene-{E}ocene transition in {S}outh {A}merica and (ii) the absence of paleogeographic barrier for such large terrestrial mammals at the scale of {S}outh {A}merican landmass.},
  keywords = {{C}hacra-{S}alina group ; {M}ogollon formation ; {P}hylogenetic analysis ; {P}aleogeography ; {S}outh {A}merican ungulates ; {I}taboraian-{R}iochican {S}outh ; {A}merican {L}and {M}ammal ages ; {PEROU}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {M}ammalian {E}volution},
  volume = {22},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {129--140},
  ISSN = {1064-7554},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10914-014-9278-1},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064192},
}