Antoine P. O., Billet G., Salas-Gismondi R., Lara J. T., Baby Patrice, Brusset S., Espurt N. (2015). A new Carodnia Simpson, 1935 (Mammalia, Xenungulata) from the early eocene of northwestern Peru and a phylogeny of Xenungulates at species level. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 22 (2), p. 129-140. ISSN 1064-7554.
Titre du document
A new Carodnia Simpson, 1935 (Mammalia, Xenungulata) from the early eocene of northwestern Peru and a phylogeny of Xenungulates at species level
Année de publication
2015
Auteurs
Antoine P. O., Billet G., Salas-Gismondi R., Lara J. T., Baby Patrice, Brusset S., Espurt N.
Source
Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2015,
22 (2), p. 129-140 ISSN 1064-7554
In spite of a scarce fossil record and poor diversity, xenungulates cover a wide spatial range throughout South America: a new representative of Carodnia Simpson, 1935, attests to the northernmost occurrence of a carodniid xenungulate, similar to 4,500km away from previous occurrences (Sa Jos, de Itaborai, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina) and very close to the Pacific Coast. A phylogenetic analysis of Xenungulata at the species level shows that Xenungulata and Carodniidae are monophyletic, while Etayoidae are potentially paraphyletic, at least with the selected taxonomic sample. Phylogenetic relationships among Xenungulata are [Notoetayoa gargantuai, Etayoa bacatensis [Carodnia sp. nov. [Carodnia feruglioi, C. cf. feruglioi, C. vieirai]]]. The new species is well differentiated from other xenungulates in having the m3 slightly smaller than m2 in terms of occlusal area and the entoconid and hypoconid almost at the same level on m3. It further differs from all other xenungulates but Etayoa bacatensis in possessing a transverse protolophid on m3. It is distinct from all other representatives of Carodnia in showing a precingulid strongly developed on m2-m3. Referral of the locality to the well-constrained early Eocene Mogolln Formation also confirms (i) the persistence of both carodniid and etayoid xenungulates well after the Paleocene-Eocene transition in South America and (ii) the absence of paleogeographic barrier for such large terrestrial mammals at the scale of South American landmass.
Plan de classement
Géologie et formations superficielles [064]
;
Sciences du monde animal [080]
Description Géographique
PEROU
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010064192]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010064192
