Fossog B. T., Ayala Diego, Acevedo P., Kengne Pierre, Mebuy I. N. A., Makanga B., Magnus J., Awono-Ambene P., Njiokou F., Pombi M., Antonio-Nkondjio C., Paupy Christophe, Besansky N. J., Costantini Carlo. (2015). Habitat segregation and ecological character displacement in cryptic African malaria mosquitoes. Evolutionary Applications, 8 (4), 326-345. ISSN 1752-4571.
Titre du document
Habitat segregation and ecological character displacement in cryptic African malaria mosquitoes
Année de publication
2015
Auteurs
Fossog B. T., Ayala Diego, Acevedo P., Kengne Pierre, Mebuy I. N. A., Makanga B., Magnus J., Awono-Ambene P., Njiokou F., Pombi M., Antonio-Nkondjio C., Paupy Christophe, Besansky N. J., Costantini Carlo
Source
Evolutionary Applications, 2015,
8 (4), 326-345 ISSN 1752-4571
Understanding how divergent selection generates adaptive phenotypic and population diversification provides a mechanistic explanation of speciation in recently separated species pairs. Towards this goal, we sought ecological gradients of divergence between the cryptic malaria vectors Anopheles coluzzii and An.gambiae and then looked for a physiological trait that may underlie such divergence. Using a large set of occurrence records and eco-geographic information, we built a distribution model to predict the predominance of the two species across their range of sympatry. Our model predicts two novel gradients along which the species segregate: distance from the coastline and altitude. Anopheles coluzzii showed a bimodal' distribution, predominating in xeric West African savannas and along the western coastal fringe of Africa. To test whether differences in salinity tolerance underlie this habitat segregation, we assessed the acute dose-mortality response to salinity of thirty-two larval populations from Central Africa. In agreement with its coastal predominance, Anopheles coluzzii was overall more tolerant than An.gambiae. Salinity tolerance of both species, however, converged in urban localities, presumably reflecting an adaptive response to osmotic stress from anthropogenic pollutants. When comparing degree of tolerance in conjunction with levels of syntopy, we found evidence of character displacement in this trait.
Plan de classement
Entomologie médicale / Parasitologie / Virologie [052]
;
Etudes, transformation, conservation du milieu naturel [082]
Description Géographique
CAMEROUN ; GUINEE EQUATORIALE ; GABON ; AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST ; AFRIQUE CENTRALE
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010064159]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010064159
