@article{fdi:010064041,
  title = {{P}opulation genetics of {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense in sleeping sickness patients with treatment failures in the focus of {M}buji-{M}ayi, {D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo},
  author = {{P}yana, {P}. {P}. and {S}ere, {M}. and {K}abore, {J}. and {D}e {M}eeûs, {T}hierry and {M}ac{L}eod, {A}. and {B}ucheton, {B}runo and {V}an {R}eet, {N}. and {B}uscher, {P}. and {B}elem, {A}. {M}. {G}. and {J}amonneau, {V}incent},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}uman {A}frican trypanosomiasis ({HAT}) in the {D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo ({DRC}) is caused by the protozoan {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense. {U}ntil recently, all patients in the second or neurological stage of the disease were treated with melarsoprol. {A}t the end of the past and the beginning of the present century, alarmingly high relapse rates in patients treated with melarsoprol were reported in isolated {HAT} foci. {I}n the {M}buji-{M}ayi focus of {DRC}, a particular mutation that confers cross resistance for pentamidine and melarsoprol was recently found for all strains studied. {N}evertheless, treatment successfully cured a significant proportion of patients. {T}o check for the existence of other possible genetic factors of the parasites, we genotyped trypanosomes isolated from patients before and after treatment (relapsing patients) with eight microsatellite markers. {W}e found no evidence of any genetic correlation between parasite genotype and treatment outcome and we concluded that relapse or cure probably depend more on patients' factors such as disease progression, nutritional or immunological status or co-infections with other pathogens. {T}he existence of a melarsoprol and pentamidine resistance associated mutation at such high rates highlights an increasing problem, even for other drugs, especially those using the same transporters as melarsoprol and pentamidine.},
  keywords = {{T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ; {S}leeping sickness ; {P}opulation genetics ; {T}reatment failure ; {D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo ; {REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {30},
  numero = {},
  pages = {128--133},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2014.12.017},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064041},
}