Impact of body weight and missed doses on lopinavir concentrations with standard and increased lopinavir/ritonavir doses during late pregnancy

2015

Article référencé dans le Web of Science WOS:000350210800030

Cressey T. R., Urien S., Capparelli E. V., Best B. M., Buranabanjasatean S., Limtrakul A., Rawangban B., Sabsanong P., Treluyer J. M., Jourdain Gonzague, Stek A., Lallemant Marc, Mirochnick M.

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2015, 70 (1), p. 217-224 ISSN 0305-7453

Objectives: To assess the influence of body weight and missed doses on lopinavir pharmacokinetics with standard and increased doses of lopinavir/ritonavir melt extrusion tablets during late pregnancy. Patients and methods: Lopinavir concentration data during the third trimester of pregnancy were pooled from clinical trials in Thailand (NCT00409591) and the USA (NCT00042289). A total of 154 HIV-infected pregnant women receiving either 400/100 mg (standard) or 600/150 mg (increased) twice daily had lopinavir plasma concentration data available. Population parameters were estimated using non-linear mixed-effects regression models. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to estimate the probability of achieving target lopinavir trough concentrations (>1.0 mg/L) with standard and increased doses of lopinavir/ritonavir during pregnancy. Results: The median (range) age, weight and gestational age were 28 years (18-43), 62 kg (45-123) and 33 weeks (29-38), respectively. Body weight influenced lopinavir oral clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution (V/F). Population estimates of lopinavir CL/F and V/F were 6.21 L/h/70 kg and 52.6 L/70 kg, respectively. Based on simulations, the highest risk of subtherapeutic trough concentrations was for women weighing >100 kg using the standard dose (similar to 7%), while the risk was,2% with the 600/150 mg dose for women weighing 40-130 kg. After a missed dose, 61% of women have lopinavir concentrations below target prior to the next dose with the standard dose compared with 42% with the increased dose. Conclusions: Standard dosing provides adequate lopinavir trough concentrations for the majority of pregnant women but increased doses may be preferable for women weighing. 100 kg and with a history of lopinavir/ritonavir use and/or adherence issues.

Santé : généralités [050] ; Entomologie médicale / Parasitologie / Virologie [052]

THAILANDE ; ETATS UNIS

Fonds IRD [F B010063967]

fdi:010063967