%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Moyen, N.
%A Thiberville, S. D.
%A Pastorino, B.
%A Nougairede, A.
%A Thirion Perrier, Laurence
%A Mombouli, J. V.
%A Dimi, Y.
%A Leparc-Goffart, I.
%A Capobianchi, M. R.
%A Lepfoundzou, A. D.
%A de Lamballerie, Xavier
%T First reported chikungunya fever outbreak in the Republic of Congo, 2011
%D 2014
%L fdi:010063678
%G ENG
%J Plos One
%@ 1932-6203
%K CONGO
%M ISI:000347239900112
%N 12
%P e115938 [21 ]
%R 10.1371/journal.pone.0115938
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010063678
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-10/010063678.pdf
%V 9
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Background: Chikungunya is an Aedes -borne disease characterised by febrile arthralgia and responsible for massive outbreaks. We present a prospective clinical cohort study and a retrospective serological study relating to a CHIK outbreak, in the Republic of Congo in 2011. Methodology and Findings: We analysed 317 suspected cases, of which 308 (97.2%) lived in the city of Brazzaville (66.6% in the South area). Amongst them, 37 (11.7%) were CHIKV+ve patients (i.e., biologically confirmed by a real-time RT-PCR assay), of whom 36 (97.3%) had fever, 22 (66.7%) myalgia and 32 (86.5%) arthralgia. All tested negative for dengue. The distribution of incident cases within Brazzaville districts was compared with CHIKV seroprevalence before the outbreak (34.4% in 517 blood donors), providing evidence for previous circulation of CHIKV. We applied a CHIK clinical score to 126 patients recruited within the two first day of illness (including 28 CHIKV+ves (22.2%)) with sensitivity (78.6%) and specificity (72.4%) values comparing with those of the referent study in Reunion Island. The negative predictive value was high (92%), but the positive predictive value (45%) indicate poor potential contribution to medical practice to identify CHIKV+ve patients in low prevalence outbreaks. However, the score allowed a slightly more accurate follow-up of the evolution of the outbreak than the criterion "fever+arthralgia". The complete sequencing of a Congolase isolate (Brazza_MRS1) demonstrated belonging to the East/Central/South African lineage and was further used for producing a robust genome-scale CHIKV phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions/Significance: We describe the first Chikungunya outbreak declared in the Republic of Congo. The seroprevalence study conducted amongst blood donors before outbreak provided evidence for previous CHIKV circulation. We suggest that a more systematic survey of the entomological situation and of arbovirus circulation is necessary in Central Africa for better understanding the environmental, microbiological and sociological determinants of emergence.
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