@article{fdi:010063648,
  title = {{B}uilding a field- and model-based climatology of local water and energy cycles in the cultivated {S}ahel - annual budgets and seasonality},
  author = {{V}elluet, {C}. and {D}emarty, {J}{\'e}rome and {C}appelaere, {B}ernard and {B}raud, {I}. and {I}ssoufou, {H}. {B}. {A}. and {B}oulain, {N}. and {R}amier, {D}. and {M}ainassara, {I}brahim and {C}harvet, {G}. and {B}oucher, {M}arie and {C}hazarin, {J}ean-{P}hilippe and {O}i, {M}onique and {Y}ahou, {H}. and {M}aidaji, {B}. and {A}rpin-{P}ont, {F}lorent and {B}enarrosh, {N}athalie and {M}ahamane, {A}. and {N}azoumou, {Y}. and {F}avreau, {G}uillaume and {S}eghieri, {J}osiane},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n the sub-{S}aharan {S}ahel, energy and water cycling at the land surface is pivotal for the regional climate, water resources and land productivity, yet it is still very poorly documented. {A}s a step towards a comprehensive climatological description of surface fluxes in this area, this study provides estimates of long-term average annual budgets and seasonal cycles for two main land use types of the cultivated {S}ahelian belt: rainfed millet crop and fallow bush. {T}hese estimates build on the combination of a 7-year field data set from two typical plots in southwestern {N}iger with detailed physically based soil-plant-atmosphere modeling, yielding a continuous, comprehensive set of water and energy flux and storage variables over this multiyear period. {I}n the present case in particular, blending field data with mechanistic modeling makes the best use of available data and knowledge for the construction of the multivariate time series. {R}ather than using the model only to gap-fill observations into a composite series, model-data integration is generalized homogeneously over time by generating the whole series with the entire data-constrained model simulation. {C}limatological averages of all water and energy variables, with associated sampling uncertainty, are derived at annual to sub-seasonal scales from the time series produced. {S}imilarities and differences in the two ecosystem behaviors are highlighted. {M}ean annual evapotranspiration is found to represent similar to 82-85% of rainfall for both systems, but with different soil evaporation/plant transpiration partitioning and different seasonal distribution. {T}he remainder consists entirely of runoff for the fallow, whereas drainage and runoff stand in a 40-60% proportion for the millet field. {T}hese results should provide a robust reference for the surface energy-and water-related studies needed in this region. {T}heir significance and the benefits they gain from the innovative data-model integration approach are thoroughly discussed. {T}he model developed in this context has the potential for reliable simulations outside the reported conditions, including changing climate and land cover.},
  keywords = {{SAHEL} ; {AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{OUEST} ; {NIGER}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{H}ydrology and {E}arth {S}ystem {S}ciences},
  volume = {18},
  numero = {12},
  pages = {5001--5024},
  ISSN = {1027-5606},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.5194/hess-18-5001-2014},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010063648},
}