@article{fdi:010063609,
  title = {{C}ontribution of exudates, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and litter depositions to the rhizosphere priming effect induced by grassland species},
  author = {{S}hahzad, {T}. and {C}henu, {C}. and {G}enet, {P}. and {B}arot, {S}{\'e}bastien and {P}erveen, {N}. and {M}ougin, {C}. and {F}ontaine, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he presence of plants induces strong accelerations in soil organic matter ({SOM}) mineralization by stimulating soil microbial activity a phenomenon known as the rhizosphere priming effect ({RPE}). {T}he {RPE} could be induced by several mechanisms including root exudates, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ({AMF}) and root litter. {H}owever the contribution of each of these to rhizosphere priming is unknown due to the complexity involved in studying rhizospheric processes. {I}n order to determine the role of each of these mechanisms, we incubated soils enclosed in nylon meshes that were permeable to exudates, or exudates & {AMF} or exudates, {AMP} and roots under three grassland plant species grown on sand. {P}lants were continuously labeled with {C}-13 depleted {CO}2 that allowed distinguishing plant-derived {CO}2 from soil-derived {CO}2. {W}e show that root exudation was the main way by which plants induced {RPE} (58-96% of total {RPE}) followed by root litter. {AMP} did not contribute to rhizosphere priming under the two species that were significantly colonized by them i.e. {P}oa trivialis and {T}rifolium repens. {R}oot exudates and root litter differed with respect to their mechanism of inducing {RPE}. {E}xudates induced {RPE} without increasing microbial biomass whereas root litter increased microbial biomass and raised the {RPE} mediating saprophytic fungi. {T}he {RPE} efficiency ({RPE}/unit plant-{C} assimilated into microbes) was 3-7 times higher for exudates than for root litter. {T}his efficiency of exudates is explained by a microbial allocation of fresh carbon to mineralization activity rather than to growth. {T}hese results suggest that root exudation is the main way by which plants stimulated mineralization of soil organic matter. {M}oreover, the plants through their exudates not only provide energy to soil microorganisms but also seem to control the way the energy is used in order to maximize soil organic matter mineralization and drive their own nutrient supply.},
  keywords = {{SOM} mineralization ; {C}ontinuous {C}-13 labeling ; {M}icrobial community ; {P}riming effect ; {R}oot exudates ; {PLFA} ; {G}rasslands ; {FRANCE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}oil {B}iology and {B}iochemistry},
  volume = {80},
  numero = {},
  pages = {146--155},
  ISSN = {0038-0717},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.023},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010063609},
}