@article{fdi:010063277,
  title = {{S}ubmicroscopic infections with {P}lasmodium falciparum during pregnancy and their association with circulating cytokine, chemokine, and cellular profiles},
  author = {{I}bitokou, {S}. {A}. and {B}ostrom, {S}. and {B}rutus, {L}aurent and {T}uikue {N}dam, {N}icaise and {V}ianou, {B}. and {A}gbowai, {C}. and {Z}in, {M}. {A}. and {H}uynh, {B}ich-{T}ram and {M}assougbodji, {A}. and {D}eloron, {P}hilippe and {T}roye-{B}lomberg, {M}. and {F}ievet, {N}adine and {L}uty, {A}drian},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he immunological consequences of pregnancy-associated malaria ({PAM}) due to {P}lasmodium falciparum have been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies conducted at delivery, but there have been very few longitudinal studies of changes due to {PAM} during pregnancy. {W}e conducted a prospective study in {B}enin to investigate the changes associated with {PAM} in groups of 131 and 111 women at inclusion in the second trimester and at delivery, respectively. {I}nfected women were identified by standard microscopic examinations of blood smears and by quantitative {PCR} (q{PCR}) assays and were matched to uninfected control women by age, gestational age, and gravidity. {W}e quantified plasma levels of a panel of soluble immunological mediators and other mediators, as well as the frequencies of peripheral blood mononuclear cell types. {C}omparisons of these variables in infected and uninfected women used multivariate analyses, and we also assessed the predictive value of variables measured at inclusion for pregnancy outcomes at delivery. {I}n multivariate analyses, peripheral plasma interleukin 10 ({IL}-10) and gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 ({IP}-10) levels were associated with {PAM} at inclusion and at delivery, while higher {IL}-10 levels distinguished q{PCR}-detectable submicroscopic infections at inclusion but not at delivery. {M}aternal anemia at delivery was associated with markers of proinflammatory (increased frequency of monocytes) and anti-inflammatory (increased {IL}-10 levels and increased activation of regulatory {T} cells) activity measured at inclusion. {E}levated concentrations of {IL}-10 are associated with the majority of {P}. falciparum infections during pregnancy, but this marker alone does not identify all submicroscopic infections. {R}eliably identifying such occult infections will require more sensitive and specific methods.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}linical and {V}accine {I}mmunology},
  volume = {21},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {859--866},
  ISSN = {1556-6811},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1128/cvi.00009-14},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010063277},
}