@article{fdi:010062682,
  title = {{I}nfluence of upper ocean stratification interannual variability on tropical cyclones},
  author = {{V}incent, {E}. {M}. and {E}manuel, {K}. {A}. and {L}engaigne, {M}atthieu and {V}ialard, {J}{\'e}r{\^o}me and {M}adec, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}limate modes, such as the {E}l {N}ino {S}outhern {O}scillation ({ENSO}), influence {T}ropical {C}yclones ({TC}s) interannual activity through their effect on large-scale atmospheric environment. {T}hese climate modes also induce interannual variations of subsurface oceanic stratification, which may also influence {TC}s. {C}hanges in oceanic stratification indeed modulate the amplitude of {TC}s-induced cooling, and hence the negative feedback of air-sea interactions on the {TC} intensity. {H}ere we use a dynamical downscaling approach that couples an axisymmetric {TC} model to a simple ocean model to quantify this interannual oceanic control on {TC} activity. {W}e perform twin experiments with contrasted oceanic stratifications representative of interannual variability in each {TC}-prone region. {W}hile subsurface oceanic variations do not significantly affect the number of moderate ({C}ategory 3 or less) {TC}s, they do induce a 30% change of {C}ategory 5 {TC}-days globally, and a 70% change for {TC}s exceeding 85 m s(-1). {TC}s in the western {P}acific and the southwestern {I}ndian {O}cean are most sensitive to oceanic interannual variability (with a similar to 10 m s(-1) modulation of the intensity of strongest storms at low latitude), owing to large upper ocean variations in response to {ENSO}. {T}hese results imply that a representation of ocean stratification variability should benefit operational forecasts of intense {TC}s and the understanding of their climatic variability.},
  keywords = {{ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {A}dvances in {M}odeling {E}arth {S}ystems},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {680--699},
  ISSN = {1942-2466},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1002/2014ms000327},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062682},
}