@article{fdi:010062680,
  title = {{E}volutionary and dispersal history of {T}riatoma infestans, main vector of {C}hagas disease, by chromosomal markers},
  author = {{P}anzera, {F}. and {F}erreiro, {M}. {J}. and {P}ita, {S}. and {C}alleros, {L}. and {P}erez, {R}. and {B}asmadjian, {Y}. and {G}uevara, {Y}. and {B}reni{\`e}re, {S}imone {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}rique and {P}anzera, {Y}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}hagas disease, one of the most important vector-borne diseases in the {A}mericas, is caused by {T}rypanosoma cruzi and transmitted to humans by insects of the subfamily {T}riatominae. {A}n effective control of this disease depends on elimination of vectors through spraying with insecticides. {G}enetic research can help insect control programs by identifying and characterizing vector populations. {I}n southern {L}atin {A}merica, {T}riatoma infestans is the main vector and presents two distinct lineages, known as {A}ndean and non-{A}ndean chromosomal groups, that are highly differentiated by the amount of heterochromatin and genome size. {A}nalyses with nuclear and mitochondrial sequences are not conclusive about resolving the origin and spread of {T}. infestans. {T}he present paper includes the analyses of karyotypes, heterochromatin distribution and chromosomal mapping of the major ribosomal cluster (45{S} r{DNA}) to specimens throughout the distribution range of this species, including pyrethroid-resistant populations. {A} total of 417 specimens from seven different countries were analyzed. {W}e show an unusual wide r{DNA} variability related to number and chromosomal position of the ribosomal genes, never before reported in species with holocentric chromosomes. {C}onsidering the chromosomal groups previously described, the ribosomal patterns are associated with a particular geographic distribution. {O}ur results reveal that the differentiation process between both {T}. infestans chromosomal groups has involved significant genomic reorganization of essential coding sequences, besides the changes in heterochromatin and genomic size previously reported. {T}he chromosomal markers also allowed us to detect the existence of a hybrid zone occupied by individuals derived from crosses between both chromosomal groups. {O}ur genetic studies support the hypothesis of an {A}ndean origin for {T}. infestans, and suggest that pyrethroid-resistant populations from the {A}rgentinean-{B}olivian border are most likely the result of recent secondary contact between both lineages. {W}e suggest that vector control programs should make a greater effort in the entomological surveillance of those regions with both chromosomal groups to avoid rapid emergence of resistant individuals.},
  keywords = {{T}riatoma infestans ; r{DNA} variability ; {C}-heterochromatic polymorphism ; {P}yrethroid resistance ; {H}ybrid zone ; {H}ybridization ; {BOLIVIE} ; {URUGUAY} ; {BRESIL} ; {CHILI} ; {ARGENTINE} ; {PARAGUAY} ; {AMERIQUE} {LATINE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {27},
  numero = {},
  pages = {105--113},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2014.07.006},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062680},
}