@article{fdi:010062541,
  title = {{C}hallenges towards the elimination of {H}uman {A}frican {T}rypanosomiasis in the sleeping sickness focus of {C}ampo in southern {C}ameroon},
  author = {{S}imo, {G}. and {M}bida, {J}. {A}. {M}. and {E}yenga, {V}. {E}. and {A}songanyi, {T}. and {N}jiokou, {F}. and {G}r{\'e}baut, {P}ascal},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he sleeping sickness focus of {C}ampo lies along the {A}tlantic coast and extends along the {N}tem {R}iver, which constitutes the {C}ameroonian and {E}quatorial {G}uinean border. {I}t is a hypo-endemic focus with the disease prevalence varying from 0.3 to 0.86% during the last few decades. {I}nvestigations on animal reservoirs revealed a prevalence of {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense of 0.6% in wild animals and 4.83% in domestic animals of this focus. {F}rom 2001 to 2012, about 19 931 tsetse were collected in this focus and five tsetse species including {G}lossina palpalis palpalis, {G}. pallicera, {G}. nigrofusca, {G}. tabaniformis and {G}. caliginea were identified. {T}he analysis of blood meals of these flies showed that they feed on human, pig, goat, sheep, and wild animals such as antelope, duiker, wild pig, turtle and snake. {T}he percentage of blood meals taken on these hosts varies according to sampling periods. {F}or instance, 6.8% of blood meals from pig were reported in 2004 and 22% in 2008. {T}his variation is subjected to considerable evolutions because the {C}ampo {HAT} focus is submitted to socio-economic mutations including the reopening of a new wood company, the construction of autonomous port at "{K}ribi" as well as the dam at "{M}emve ele". {T}hese activities will bring more that 3000 inhabitants around {C}ampo and induce the deforestation for the implementation of farmlands as well as breeding of domestic animals. {S}uch mutations have impacts on the transmission and the epidemiology of sleeping sickness due to the modification of the fauna composition, the nutritional behavior of tsetse, the zoophilic/anthropophilic index. {T}o achieve the elimination goal in the sleeping sickness focus of {C}ampo, we report in this paper the current epidemiological situation of the disease, the research findings of the last decades notably on the population genetics of trypanosomes, the modifications of nutritional behavior of tsetse, the prevalence of {T}. b. gambiense in humans, domestic and wild animals. {A}n overview on the types of mutations occurring in the region has been raised and a discussion on the strategies that can be implemented to achieve the elimination of the disease has been made.},
  keywords = {{S}leeping sickness ; {S}ocio-economic mutations ; {A}nimal reservoir ; {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ; {CAMEROUN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 374 [7 ]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1186/1756-3305-7-374},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062541},
}