@article{fdi:010062523,
  title = {{C}ulturomics and pyrosequencing evidence of the reduction in gut microbiota diversity in patients with broad-spectrum antibiotics},
  author = {{D}ubourg, {G}. and {L}agier, {J}. {C}. and {R}obert, {C}. and {A}rmougom, {F}abrice and {H}ugon, {P}. and {M}etidji, {S}. and {D}ione, {N}. and {D}angui, {N}. {P}. {M}. and {P}fleiderer, {A}. and {A}brahao, {J}. and {M}usso, {D}. and {P}apazian, {L}. and {B}rouqui, {P}. and {B}ibi, {F}. and {Y}asir, {M}. and {V}ialettes, {B}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he human gut flora is currently widely characterised using molecular techniques. {M}icrobial culturomics (large-scale culture conditions with identification of colonies using {MALDI}-{TOF} or 16{S} r{RNA}) is part of the rebirth of bacterial culture that was initiated by environmental microbiologists for the design of axenic culture for intracellular bacteria in clinical microbiology. {C}ulturomics was performed on four stool samples from patients treated with large-scale antibiotics to assess the diversity of their gut flora in comparison with other culture-dependent studies. {P}yrosequencing of the {V}6 region was also performed and was compared with a control group. {G}ut richness was also estimated by bacterial counting after microscopic observation. {I}n total, 77 culture conditions were tested and 32,000 different colonies were generated; 190 bacterial species were identified, with 9 species that had not been isolated from the human gut before this study, 7 newly described in humans and 8 completely new species. {A} dramatic reduction in diversity was observed for two of the four stool samples for which antibiotic treatment was prolonged and uninterrupted. {T}he total number of bacteria was generally preserved, suggesting that the original population was replaced but was sustained in size. {D}iscordances between culture and pyrosequencing biodiversity biomarkers highlight the depth of bias of molecular studies. {S}tool samples studied showed a dramatic reduction in bacterial diversity. {C}onsidering the variable antibiotic concentration in the gut, this reduction in the number of species is possibly linked to the production of bacteriocin in the upper digestive tract by specific bacteria, such as {L}actobacillus spp.},
  keywords = {{C}ulturomics ; {M}icrobiota ; {P}yrosequencing ; {A}ntibiotics ; {D}iversity},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {A}ntimicrobial {A}gents},
  volume = {44},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {117--124},
  ISSN = {0924-8579},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.04.020},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062523},
}