@article{fdi:010062506,
  title = {{I}n{SAR} observations and models of crustal deformation due to a glacial surge in {I}celand},
  author = {{A}uriac, {A}. and {S}igmundsson, {F}. and {H}ooper, {A}. and {S}paans, {K}. {H}. and {B}jornsson, {H}. and {P}alsson, {F}. and {P}inel, {V}irginie and {F}eigl, {K}. {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}urges are common at all the major ice caps in {I}celand. {I}ce masses of gigatons may shift from the upper part of the outlet glacier towards the terminus in a few months, advancing the glacier front by up to several kilometres. {T}he advancing ice front may be up to 100 m thick, increasing the load on crustal rocks correspondingly. {W}e use the observed change in crustal loading during a surge of the western part of the {V}atnajokull ice cap, {I}celand, during 1993-1995 and the corresponding elastic crustal deformation, surveyed with interferometric synthetic aperture radar, to investigate the material properties of the solid {E}arth in this region. {C}rustal subsidence due to the surge reaches similar to 75 mm at the edge of the {S}i{A} degrees ujokull outlet glacier. {T}his signal is mixed with a broad uplift signal of similar to 12 mm yr(-1), relative to our reference area, caused by the ongoing retreat of {V}atnajokull in response to climate change. {W}e disentangle the two signals by linear inversion. {F}inite element modelling is used to investigate the elastic {E}arth response of the surge, as well as to confirm that no significant viscoelastic deformation occurred as a consequence of the surge. {T}he modelling leads to estimates of the {Y}oung's modulus and {P}oisson's ratio of the underlying {E}arth. {C}omparison between the observed and modelled deformation fields is made using a {B}ayesian approach that yields the estimate of a probability distribution for each of the free parameters. {R}esiduals indicate a good agreement between models and observations. {O}ne-layer elastic models result in a {Y}oung's modulus of 43.2-49.7 {GP}a (95 per cent confidence) and {P}oisson's ratio of 0-0.27, after removal of outliers. {O}ur preferred model, with two elastic layers, provides a better fit to the whole surge signal. {T}his model consists of a 1-km-thick upper layer with an average {Y}oung's modulus of 12.9-15.3 {GP}a and {P}oisson's ratio of 0.17, overlying a layer with an average {Y}oung's modulus of 67.3-81.9 {GP}a and {P}oisson's ratio of 0.25.},
  keywords = {{N}umerical solutions ; {P}robability distributions ; {R}adar interferometry ; {G}laciology ; {ISLANDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{G}eophysical {J}ournal {I}nternational},
  volume = {198},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {1329--1341},
  ISSN = {0956-540{X}},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1093/gji/ggu205},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062506},
}