@article{fdi:010062500,
  title = {{MALDI}-{TOF} mass spectrometry detection of pathogens in vectors : the {B}orrelia crocidurae/{O}rnithodoros sonrai paradigm},
  author = {{F}otso, {A}. {F}. and {M}ediannikov, {O}leg and {D}iatta, {G}. and {A}lmeras, {L}. and {F}laudrops, {C}. and {P}arola, {P}. and {D}rancourt, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}n {A}frica, relapsing fever borreliae are neglected vector-borne pathogens that cause mild to deadly septicemia and miscarriage. {S}creening vectors for the presence of borreliae currently requires technically demanding, time-and resource-consuming molecular methods. {M}atrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry ({MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS}) has recently emerged as a tool for the rapid identification of vectors and the identification of cultured borreliae. {W}e investigated whether {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} could detect relapsing fever borreliae directly in ticks. {M}ethodology/{P}rincipal {F}indings: {A}s a first step, a {B}orrelia {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} database was created to house the newly determined {M}ean {S}pectrum {P}rojections for four {L}yme disease group and ten relapsing fever group reference borreliae. {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} yielded a unique protein profile for each of the 14 tested {B}orrelia species, with 100% reproducibility over 12 repeats. {I}n a second proof-of-concept step, the {B}orrelia database and a custom software program that subtracts the uninfected {O}. sonrai profile were used to detect {B}orrelia crocidurae in 20 {O}rnithodoros sonrai ticks, including eight ticks that tested positive for {B}. crocidurae by {PCR}-sequencing. {A} {B}. crocidurae-specific pattern consisting of 3405, 5071, 5898, 7041, 8580 and 9757-m/z peaks was found in all {B}. crocidurae-infected ticks and not found in any of the un-infected ticks. {I}n a final blind validation step, {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} exhibited 88.9% sensitivity and 93.75% specificity for the detection of {B}. crocidurae in 50 {O}. sonrai ticks, including 18 that tested positive for {B}. crocidurae by {PCR}-sequencing. {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} took 45 minutes to be completed. {C}onclusions/{S}ignificance: {A}fter the development of an appropriate database, {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} can be used to identify tick species and the presence of relapsing fever borreliae in a single assay. {T}his work paves the way for the use of {MALDI}-{TOF}-{MS} for the dual identification of vectors and vectorized pathogens.},
  keywords = {{SENEGAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {7},
  pages = {e2984},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0002984},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062500},
}