@article{fdi:010062471,
  title = {{T}sunami mapping related to local earthquakes on the {F}rench-{I}talian {R}iviera ({W}estern {M}editerranean)},
  author = {{I}oualalen, {M}ansour and {L}arroque, {C}. and {S}cotti, {O}. and {D}aubord, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {L}igurian coast, located at the {F}rench-{I}talian border, is densely populated as well as a touristic area. {I}t is also a location where earthquakes and underwater landslides are recurrent. {T}he nature of the local tsunamigenesis is therefore a legitimate question, because no tsunami warning system can resolve tsunami arrival times of a few minutes, which is the case for the area. {A}s far as the seismicity of the area is concerned, the frequent recurrent earthquakes are generally of moderate magnitude: most of them are lower than {M} (w) 5. {H}owever, the relatively large {M} (w) 6.9 earthquake ({L}arroque et al., in {G}eophys {J} {I}nt, 2012. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246{X}.2012.05498.x) that occurred on the {F}ebruary 23, 1887, offshore of {I}mperia ({I}talian {R}iviera) is quite emblematic. {T}his unusual event for the region merits a complete study: the quantification of its rupture mechanism is essential (1) to understand the regional active deformation, but also (2) to evaluate its tsunamigenesis potential by deriving relevant rupture scenarios obtained from our knowledge of the event; for that purpose the event is extensively described here. {T}he first point has been the subject of quite a few studies based on the seismotectonics of the area. {T}he last documented approach has been completed by {L}arroque et al. ({G}eophys {J} {I}nt, 2012. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246{X}.2012.05498.x) who proposed a rupture scenario involving a reverse faulting along a north dipping fault and favoring a {M} (w) 6.9 magnitude. {I}n the present paper (1) we study the accuracy of their solutions in relation to the computational grid spacing and the dispersive/nondispersive parameterization, (2) based on an uncertainty on the recorded wave amplitude of the {G}enoa tide gauge they used, we propose a {M} (w) 6.7 earthquake magnitude solution for the event (the kinematics is unchanged), co-existing with the {M} (w) 6.9, (3) we evaluate the tsunami coastal impact of the 1887 event, and (4) we test a range of possible ruptures that local faults may undergo in order to propose a synoptic mapping of the tsunami threat in the area. {T}he spatial distribution of the maximum wave height ({MWH}) is provided with a tentative identification of the processes that are responsible for it. {T}his latter issue is imperative in order to make our mapping as generic as possible in the framework of our deterministic approach (based on realistic scenarios and not on ensemble statistics). {T}he predictions suggest that the wave impact is mostly local, considering the relatively moderate size of the rupture planes. {A}lthough the present-day seismicity in this region is moderate, stronger earthquakes ({M} > 6.5) have occurred in the past. {T}he studied scenarios show that for such events specific localities along the {F}rench-{I}talian {R}iviera may experience very significant {MWH} related to the shallow focal depth tested for such scenarios. {W}e may reasonably conclude that the tsunami threat is relatively significant and uniform at the {I}talian side of the {R}iviera (from {V}entimiglia to {I}mperia), while it is more localized (sporadic) at the {F}rench side from {A}ntibes to {M}enton with, however, higher local level of inundation, e.g., {N}ice city center.},
  keywords = {{E}arthquake ; active fault ; tsunami ; {M}editerranean ; {L}igurian coast ; {FRANCE} ; {ITALIE} ; {MEDITERRANEE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}ure and {A}pplied {G}eophysics},
  volume = {171},
  numero = {7},
  pages = {1423--1443},
  ISSN = {0033-4553},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00024-013-0699-1},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062471},
}