@article{fdi:010062423,
  title = {{I}nfluenza {C} virus high seroprevalence rates observed in 3 different population groups},
  author = {{S}alez, {N}. and {M}elade, {J}. and {P}ascalis, {H}erv{\'e} and {A}herfi, {S}. and {D}ellagi, {K}oussay and {C}harrel, {R}. {N}. and {C}arrat, {F}. and de {L}amballerie, {X}avier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he epidemiology of {I}nfluenza {C} virus ({FLUCV}) infections remains poorly characterised. {H}ere, we have examined the age-and location-specific seroprevalence of antibodies against {FLUCV} in 1441 sera from metropolitan continental {F}rance ({M}arseille), {S}outh-{W}est {I}ndian {O}cean {F}rench territories ({R}eunion {I}sland) and {U}nited-{K}ingdom ({E}dinburgh) using a combination of haemagglutination inhibition, virus neutralisation and {ELISA} assays. {O}ur results show that immunity to {FLUCV} is common in all locations studied (global seroprevalence values >50%) and that the first immunising contacts generally occur early in life (i.e., in the 0-4 year-old age group). {T}he latter item is further supported by the detection of {FLUCV} {RNA} by {RT}-{PCR} in naso-pharyngeal samples collected in patient attending the {E}mergency {R}oom of the {P}ublic hospitals of {M}arseille, {F}rance with a large majority of children under 10 years-old: 17 (60.7%) in children <= 3 yo, 10 (35.7%) in the 4-10 yo age group and 1 (3.6%) in an adult (49yo). {T}he temporal distribution of cases was atypical with regard to influenza (a large proportion of cases occurred in spring and summer) and the clinical presentation was diverse, including but being not limited to classical {I}nfluenza-like-{I}lnesses. {A}ltogether, our results indicate an intense circulation of {FLUCV} in the different study areas and an early occurrence of infection in human life. {F}lu {C} appears to be a widely under-diagnosed and under-studied human paediatric disease that obviously deserves further clinical and epidemiological characterisation.},
  keywords = {{I}nfluenza {C} ; {E}pidemiology ; {H}aemagglutination ; {ELISA} ; {V}irus ; {N}eutralisation {T}est ; {R}eal-time {RT}-{PCR} assay ; {FRANCE} ; {REUNION} ; {ROYAUME} {UNI}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {I}nfection},
  volume = {69},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {182--189},
  ISSN = {0163-4453},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jinf.2014.03.016},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062423},
}