@article{fdi:010062046,
  title = {{C}otrimoxazole prophylaxis versus mefloquine intermittent preventive treatment to prevent malaria in {HIV}-infected pregnant women : wo randomized controlled trials},
  author = {{D}enoeud {N}dam, {L}ise and {Z}annou, {D}. {M}. and {F}ourcade, {C}. and {T}aron-{B}rocard, {C}. and {P}orcher, {R}. and {A}tadokpede, {F}. and {K}omongui, {D}. {G}. and {D}ossou-{G}bete, {L}. and {A}fangnihoun, {A}. and {T}uikue {N}dam, {N}icaise and {G}irard, {P}. {M}. and {C}ot, {M}ichel},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {M}alaria during pregnancy has serious consequences that are worsened by {HIV} infection. {M}alaria preventive measures for {HIV}-infected pregnant women include cotrimoxazole ({CTX}) prophylaxis given to prevent {HIV}-related opportunistic infections and also protective against malaria, or intermittent preventive treatment ({IPT}p) with an antimalarial drug. {H}ere, we present the first study evaluating {CTX} efficacy versus mefloquine ({MQ})-{IPT}p, alone and in combination, in {HIV}-infected pregnant women. {M}ethods: {W}e conducted 2 randomized, open-label, noninferiority trials in {B}enin. {I}n the {CTX}-mandatory trial, {HIV}-infected women with {CD}4 counts of <350 per cubic millimeter received {CTX} either alone or with {MQ}-{IPT}p ({N} = 292). {I}n the {CTX}-not-mandatory trial ({CD}4 count >350/mm(3)), {CTX} was compared with {MQ}-{IPT}p ({N} = 140). {I}n both the trials, the primary end point was microscopic placental parasitemia. {R}esults: {A}t delivery, 1 woman in each {CTX}-alone treatment group exhibited placental parasitemia, versus no women in the groups receiving {MQ}. {CTX} alone demonstrated noninferiority in the {CTX}-mandatory trial. {H}owever, polymerase chain reaction-detected placental parasitemia was markedly reduced in the {CTX} + {MQ} group compared with {CTX} alone (0/105 vs. 5/103, {P} = 0.03). {B}ecause of insufficient recruitment in the {CTX}-not-mandatory trial, noninferiority could not be conclusively assessed. {D}izziness and vomiting of moderate intensity were reported by 34%-37% of women receiving {MQ} in both the trials, versus 0%-3% in {CTX} groups ({P} < 0.0001). {N}o serious adverse events related to these drugs were found. {C}onclusions: {CTX} alone provided adequate protection against malaria in {HIV}-infected pregnant women, although {MQ}-{IPT}p showed higher efficacy against placental infection. {A}lthough more frequently associated with dizziness and vomiting, {MQ}-{IPT}p may be an effective alternative given concerns about parasite resistance to {CTX}.},
  keywords = {malaria during pregnancy ; mefloquine ; cotrimoxazole ; {HIV} ; randomized controlled trial},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}aids.{J}ournal of {A}cquired {I}mmune {D}eficiency {S}yndromes},
  volume = {65},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {198--206},
  ISSN = {1525-4135},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1097/qai.0000000000000058},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062046},
}