@article{fdi:010061768,
  title = {{U}sefulness of child development assessments for low-resource settings in francophone {A}frica},
  author = {{K}oura, {K}. {G}. and {B}oivin, {M}. {J}. and {D}avidson, {L}. {L}. and {O}uedraogo, {S}. and {Z}oumenou, {R}. and {A}lao, {M}. {J}. and {G}arcia, {A}ndr{\'e} and {M}assougbodji, {A}. and {C}ot, {M}ichel and {B}odeau-{L}ivinec, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjective: {F}ew tools are available to screen or assess infant's cognitive development, especially in {F}rench-speaking {A}frica. {T}his study evaluated the use of the {F}rench translation of the {M}ullen {S}cales of {E}arly {L}earning ({MSEL}), and the "{T}en {Q}uestions" questionnaire ({TQ}) in 1-year-old children in {B}enin, a francophone country. {M}ethods: {A} cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 health centers serving a semirural area in {B}enin. {T}hree hundred fifty-seven children aged 12 months and their mothers were enrolled in 2011. {I}nfant development was assessed at local health centers followed by a home visit to collect information on socioeconomic status, maternal {R}aven score, maternal depressive symptoms, and mother-child interactions ({H}ome {O}bservation for the {M}easurement of the {E}nvironment [{HOME}] {I}nventory), and to administer the {TQ}. {R}esults: {T}he infant's gender (female), the {HOME}, and maternal education were associated with a higher {E}arly {L}earning {C}omposite score in multivariate analyses (p = .02, p = .004, p = .007, respectively). {T}he {HOME} and family wealth were also associated with the {G}ross {M}otor {S}cale (p = .03 and p = .03, respectively). {M}others were more likely to report difficulties on the {TQ} when the child presented lower score on the {MSEL}. {W}hen considering the {G}ross {M}otor {S}cale as the gold standard to define moderate delays, the 2 combined motor-related questions on the {TQ} showed good sensitivity and specificity (76.5 and 75.7). {C}onclusion: {I}n a low-resource rural setting in {A}frica, the {TQ} effectively identified 3 quarters of 1-year-old infants with delayed development. {A}fter this screening, the {MSEL} may be useful for further assessment as it showed good feasibility and sensitivity to known risk factors for poor child development.},
  keywords = {child development ; {M}ullen scales of early learning ; {T}en {Q}uestions ; {Q}uestionnaire ; {HOME} scale ; {A}frica ; {BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {D}evelopmental and {B}ehavioral {P}ediatrics},
  volume = {34},
  numero = {7},
  pages = {486--493},
  ISSN = {0196-206{X}},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1097/{DBP}.0b013e31829d211c},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010061768},
}