@article{fdi:010061439,
  title = {{I}mpacts of {I}ndian {O}cean {SST} biases on the {I}ndian {M}onsoon : as simulated in a global coupled model},
  author = {{P}rodhomme, {C}. and {T}erray, {P}ascal and {M}asson, {S}. and {I}zumo, {T}akeshi and {T}ozuka, {T}. and {Y}amagata, {T}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n this study, the impact of the ocean-atmosphere coupling on the atmospheric mean state over the {I}ndian {O}cean and the {I}ndian {S}ummer {M}onsoon ({ISM}) is examined in the framework of the {SINTEX}-{F}2 coupled model through forced and coupled control simulations and several sensitivity coupled experiments. {D}uring boreal winter and spring, most of the {I}ndian {O}cean biases are common in forced and coupled simulations, suggesting that the errors originate from the atmospheric model, especially a dry islands bias in the {M}aritime {C}ontinent. {D}uring boreal summer, the air-sea coupling decreases the {ISM} rainfall over {S}outh {I}ndia and the monsoon strength to realistic amplitude, but at the expense of important degradations of the rainfall and {S}ea {S}urface {T}emperature ({SST}) mean states in the {I}ndian {O}cean. {S}trong {SST} biases of opposite sign are observed over the western ({WIO}) and eastern ({EIO}) tropical {I}ndian {O}cean. {R}ainfall amounts over the ocean (land) are systematically higher (lower) in the northern hemisphere and the south equatorial {I}ndian {O}cean rainfall band is missing in the control coupled simulation. {D}uring boreal fall, positive dipole-like errors emerge in the mean state of the coupled model, with warm and wet (cold and dry) biases in the {WIO} ({EIO}), suggesting again a significant impact of the {SST} errors. {T}he exact contributions and the distinct roles of these {SST} errors in the seasonal mean atmospheric state of the coupled model have been further assessed with two sensitivity coupled experiments, in which the {SST} biases are replaced by observed climatology either in the {WIO} (warm bias) or {EIO} (cold bias). {T}he correction of the {WIO} warm bias leads to a global decrease of rainfall in the monsoon region, which confirms that the {WIO} is an important source of moisture for the {ISM}. {O}n the other hand, the correction of the {EIO} cold bias leads to a global improvement of precipitation and circulation mean state during summer and fall. {N}evertheless, all these improvements due to {SST} corrections seem drastically limited by the atmosphere intrinsic biases, including prominently the unimodal oceanic position of the {ITCZ} ({I}nter {T}ropical {C}onvergence {Z}one) during summer and the enhanced westward wind stress along the equator during fall.},
  keywords = {{I}ndian {M}onsoon ; {C}oupled climate model ; {M}odel systematic errors ; {O}cean atmosphere interaction ; {A}rabian {S}ea ; {OCEAN} {INDIEN} ; {INDE} ; {ASIE} {DU} {SUD} {EST} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE} ; {ZONE} {EQUATORIALE} ; {ARABIE} {MER}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}limate {D}ynamics},
  volume = {42},
  numero = {1-2},
  pages = {271--290},
  ISSN = {0930-7575},
  year = {2014},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00382-013-1671-6},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010061439},
}