@article{fdi:010060869,
  title = {{A}bsolute or convective instability in the equatorial {P}acific and implications for {ENSO}},
  author = {{T}hual, {S}. and {T}hual, {O}. and {D}ewitte, {B}oris},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {E}l {N}ino{S}outhern {O}scillation ({ENSO}) is driven by oceanatmosphere interactions in the equatorial {P}acific, and this variability is often attributed to coupled modes that are evidenced by the temporal stability analysis of anomaly models. {H}ere, the further diagnostic of absolute/convective instability is considered, which assesses whether small perturbations localized in space and time (e.g. random wind disturbances) lead to instabilities that develop in-place or propagate away from the perturbed region. {I}t is shown that boundary conditions play a secondary role for this approach and that the development of large-scale wave packets in the equatorial {P}acific basin is possible, as in the case of an infinite domain. {A}s an illustration, two simple coupled models are diagnosed that rely either on thermocline processes or zonal advective processes. {T}he model with thermocline processes is absolutely unstable' and therefore develops intrinsic oscillations, while the model with zonal advective processes is convectively unstable' and therefore acts as a noise amplifier. {T}he identification of the two instability regimes may characterize different {ENSO} formation mechanisms as a response to random wind disturbances. {F}or the absolutely unstable regime, a standing {ENSO}-like oscillation can develop in the equatorial {P}acific without involving boundary reflections, while for the convectively unstable regime boundary reflections are essential.},
  keywords = {{INTERACTION} {OCEAN} {ATMOSPHERE} ; {VARIATION} {TEMPORELLE} ; {ANOMALIE} ; {ANALYSE} {DE} {DONNEES} ; {ENSO} ; {MODELE} {COUPLE} ; {ENSO} ; equatorial {P}acific ; interannual variability ; absolute instability ; wave packets ; conceptual models ; {OCEAN} {PACIFIQUE} ; {ZONE} {EQUATORIALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{Q}uarterly {J}ournal of the {R}oyal {M}eteorological {S}ociety},
  volume = {139},
  numero = {672},
  pages = {600--606},
  ISSN = {0035-9009},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1002/qj.1988},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060869},
}