@article{fdi:010060862,
  title = {{S}easonal mixed-layer salinity balance in the tropical {A}tlantic {O}cean : mean state and seasonal cycle},
  author = {{D}a-{A}llada, {C}.{Y}. and {A}lory, {G}. and {P}enhoat, {Y}ves du and {K}estenare, {E}lodie and {D}urand, {F}abien and {H}ounkonnou, {N}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{W}e investigate the causes of the seasonal cycle of the near-surface salinity using a mixed-layer salinity model and a combination of satellite products, atmospheric reanalyses, and in situ observations for the period 2000-2008, in the tropical {A}tlantic {O}cean. {W}e find that the balance differs from one region to another. {I}n the western tropical {A}tlantic, it is controlled by horizontal advection from {M}arch to {N}ovember and by freshwater flux and entrainment for the rest of the year. {I}n the central tropical {A}tlantic, it is mainly due to the strong contribution of precipitation in agreement with previous results. {I}n the northeastern tropical {A}tlantic, all terms contribute to the mixed layer salinity between {D}ecember and {M}arch; during the rest of the year, precipitation and zonal advection mainly control the balance. {I}n the {G}ulf of {G}uinea, it is driven by freshwater flux from {O}ctober to {F}ebruary; from {M}arch to {J}uly, it is controlled by horizontal advection and entrainment; from {A}ugust to {S}eptember, mixed-layer salinity variability is weak. {F}inally, in the {C}ongo region, it is driven by freshwater flux (precipitation and runoff from {C}ongo {R}iver) from {S}eptember to {D}ecember, by horizontal advection during {J}anuary to {M}arch, and by vertical entrainment during the rest of the year ({A}pril to {A}ugust). {T}here are some discrepancies between observed and modeled salinity tendencies. {S}ome of them are due to our model formulation, which does not explicitly account for the effect of vertical diffusion. {U}ncertainties of observation products, which force the model, are also sources of errors.},
  keywords = {{ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {G}eophysical {R}esearch. {O}ceans},
  volume = {118},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {332--345},
  ISSN = {0148-0227},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1029/2012jc008357},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060862},
}