@article{fdi:010060845,
  title = {{GSG}6-{P}1 salivary biomarker discriminates micro-geographical heterogeneity of human exposure to {A}nopheles bites in low and seasonal malaria areas},
  author = {{S}agna, {A}.{B}. and {S}arr, {J}.{B}. and {G}aayeb, {L}. and {D}ram{\'e}, {P}apa {M}aktar and {N}diath, {M}.{O}. and {S}enghor, {S}. and {S}ow, {C}. {S}. and {P}oinsignon, {A}nne and {S}eck, {M}. and {H}ermann, {E}. and {S}chacht, {A}.{M}. and {F}aye, {N}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {R}emou{\'e}, {F}ranck and {R}iveau, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {O}ver the past decade, a sharp decline of malaria burden has been observed in several countries. {C}onsequently, the conventional entomological methods have become insufficiently sensitive and probably underestimate micro-geographical heterogeneity of exposure and subsequent risk of malaria transmission. {I}n this study, we investigated whether the human antibody ({A}b) response to {A}nopheles salivary g{SG}6-{P}1 peptide, known as a biomarker of {A}nopheles exposure, could be a sensitive and reliable tool for discriminating human exposure to {A}nopheles bites in area of low and seasonal malaria transmission. {M}ethods: {A} multi-disciplinary survey was performed in {N}orthern {S}enegal where {A}n. gambiae s.l. is the main malaria vector. {H}uman {I}g{G} {A}b response to g{SG}6-{P}1 salivary peptide was compared according to the season and villages in children from five villages in the middle {S}enegal {R}iver valley, known as a low malaria transmission area. {R}esults: {I}g{G} levels to g{SG}6-{P}1 varied considerably according to the villages, discriminating the heterogeneity of {A}nopheles exposure between villages. {S}ignificant increase of {I}g{G} levels to g{SG}6-{P}1 was observed during the peak of exposure to {A}nopheles bites, and decreased immediately after the end of the exposure season. {I}n addition, differences in the season-dependent specific {I}g{G} levels between villages were observed after the implementation of {L}ong-{L}asting {I}nsecticidal {N}ets by {T}he {N}ational {M}alaria {C}ontrol {P}rogram in this area. {C}onclusion: {T}he g{SG}6-{P}1 salivary peptide seems to be a reliable tool to discriminate the micro-geographical heterogeneity of human exposure to {A}nopheles bites in areas of very low and seasonal malaria transmission. {A} biomarker such as this could also be used to monitor and evaluate the possible heterogeneous effectiveness of operational vector control programs in low-exposure areas.},
  keywords = {{M}alaria ; {S}alivary peptide ; {B}iomarker ; {L}ow transmission ; {A}nopheles exposure ; {A}ntibodies ; {SENEGAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {},
  pages = {68},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1186/1756-3305-6-68},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060845},
}