@article{fdi:010060820,
  title = {{P}arasitic genotypes appear to differ in leishmaniasis patients compared with asymptomatic related carriers},
  author = {{H}ide, {M}. and {M}arion, {E}. and {P}omares, {C}. and {F}isa, {R}. and {M}arty, {P}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{F}or numerous infectious diseases affecting humans, clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic forms to severe pathologies. {T}he originality of this study was its focus on asymptomatic carriers of {L}eishmania infantum in southern {F}rance. {T}he fundamental interest in these asymptomatic carriers is that they can be a reservoir of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. {I}t remains to be established whether the parasitic genomes from asymptomatic carriers differ from those of patients. {M}ultilocus microsatellite typing was used to investigate the genetic variation among 36 {F}rench strains of {L} infantum. {N}ine {L}eishmania strains isolated from blood donors (asymptomatic carriers) were compared with 27 strains of {L}. infantum belonging to zymodemes, {MON}-1, -33 and -183. {T}hese strains were isolated from {HIV} positive or negative patients with visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, from canine leishmaniasis or from phlebotomine sandflies. {M}ultilocus microsatellite typing data generated using 33 loci were analyzed by a {B}ayesian model-based clustering algorithm and construction of a phylogenetic tree based on genetic distances. {B}oth analyses structured the {MON}-1 sample into two main clusters. {F}urthermore, genetic analysis demonstrated that these nine asymptomatic carrier strains are divided into two clusters grouped with the {MON}-1 strains. {O}ne cluster with seven strains is related to, but different from, human symptomatic strains from the {A}lpes-{M}aritimes region whereas the other cluster has the two remaining strains together with canine leishmaniasis strains as well as one strain from a visceral leishmaniasis patient. {G}enetic diversity among asymptomatic carrier was very weak since the nine {L}eishmania strains belong to only two genotypes. {G}enetic differentiations were evidenced between asymptomatic carrier strains and non-asymptomatic carrier strains and especially between asymptomatic carrier and {HIV}+ populations, although these findings require confirmation with a larger sample size. {W}e believe that our data explore for the first time, the genetic diversity among {L}. infantum from asymptomatic human carriers and reveal a weak polymorphism compared with {L}eishmania parasites isolated from human patients.},
  keywords = {{A}symptomatic carriers ; {C}ryptic infection ; {R}eservoir ; {L}eishmania infantum ; {M}olecular epidemiology ; {M}ultilocus microsatellite typing ; ({MLMT}) ; {S}outhern {F}rance ; {P}hylogenetic analysis ; {FRANCE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal for {P}arasitology},
  volume = {43},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {389--397},
  ISSN = {0020-7519},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.12.008},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060820},
}