@article{fdi:010060739,
  title = {{D}ynamics of {O}nchocerca volvulus microfilarial densities after ivermectin treatment in an ivermectin-naive and a multiply treated population from {C}ameroon},
  author = {{P}ion, {S}{\'e}bastien and {N}ana-{D}jeunga, {H}. {C}. and {K}amgno, {J}. and {T}endongfor, {N}. and {W}anji, {S}. and {N}jiokou, {F}. and {P}richard, {R}. {K}. and {B}oussinesq, {M}ichel},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground/{O}bjective: {I}vermectin has been the keystone of onchocerciasis control for the last 25 years. {S}ub-optimal responses to the drug have been reported in {G}hanaian communities under long-term treatment. {W}e assessed, in two {C}ameroonian foci, whether the microfilaricidal and/or embryostatic effects of ivermectin on {O}nchocerca volvulus have been altered after several years of drug pressure. {M}ethods: {W}e compared the dynamics of {O}. volvulus skin microfilarial densities after ivermectin treatment in two cohorts with contrasting exposure to this drug: one received repeated treatment for 13 years whereas the other had no history of large-scale treatments (referred to as controls). {M}icrofilarial densities were assessed 15, 80 and 180 days after ivermectin in 122 multiply treated and 127 ivermectin-naive individuals. {C}omparisons were adjusted for individual factors related to microfilarial density: age and number of nodules. {F}indings: {T}wo weeks post ivermectin, microfilarial density dropped equally (98% reduction) in the ivermectin-naive and multiply treated groups. {B}etween 15 and 180 days post ivermectin, the proportion of individuals with skin microfilariae doubled (from 30.8% to 67.8%) in controls and quadrupled (from 19.8% to 76.9%) in multiply treated individuals but the mean densities remained low in both sites. {I}n fact, between 15 and 80 days, the repopulation rate was significantly higher in the multiply treated individuals than in the controls but no such difference was demonstrated when extending the follow-up to 180 days. {T}he repopulation rate by microfilariae was associated with host factors: negatively with age and positively with the number of nodules. {C}onclusion: {T}hese observations may indicate that the worms from the multi-treated area recover mf productivity earlier but would be less productive than the worms from the ivermectin-naive area between 80 and 180 days after ivermectin. {M}oreover, they do not support the operation of a strong cumulative effect of repeated treatments on the fecundity of female worms as previously described.},
  keywords = {{CAMEROUN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {e2084},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0002084},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060739},
}