@article{fdi:010060491,
  title = {{A}edes mosquito saliva modulates {R}ift {V}alley fever virus pathogenicity},
  author = {{L}e {C}oupanec, {A}. and {B}abin, {D}. and {F}iette, {L}. and {J}ouvion, {G}. and {A}ve, {P}. and {M}iss{\'e}, {D}oroth{\'e}e and {B}ouloy, {M}. and {C}houmet, {V}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {R}ift {V}alley fever ({RVF}) is a severe mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domestic ruminants. {M}osquito saliva contains compounds that counteract the hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune responses of the host. {M}odulation of these defensive responses may facilitate virus infection. {I}ndeed, {A}edes mosquito saliva played a crucial role in the vector's capacity to effectively transfer arboviruses such as the {C}ache {V}alley and {W}est {N}ile viruses. {T}he role of mosquito saliva in the transmission of {R}ift {V}alley fever virus ({RVFV}) has not been investigated. {O}bjective: {U}sing a murine model, we explored the potential for mosquitoes to impact the course of {RVF} disease by determining whether differences in pathogenesis occurred in the presence or absence of mosquito saliva and salivary gland extract. {M}ethods: {C}57{BL}/6{NRJ} male mice were infected with the {ZH}548 strain of {RVFV} via intraperitoneal or intradermal route, or via bites from {RVFV}-exposed mosquitoes. {T}he virus titers in mosquitoes and mouse organs were determined by plaque assays. {F}indings: {A}fter intraperitoneal injection, {RVFV} infection primarily resulted in liver damage. {I}n contrast, {RVFV} infection via intradermal injection caused both liver and neurological symptoms and this route best mimicked the natural infection by mosquitoes. {C}o-injections of {RVFV} with salivary gland extract or saliva via intradermal route increased the mortality rates of mice, as well as the virus titers measured in several organs and in the blood. {F}urthermore, the blood cell counts of infected mice were altered compared to those of uninfected mice. {I}nterpretation: {D}ifferent routes of infection determine the pattern in which the virus spreads and the organs it targets. {A}edes saliva significantly increases the pathogenicity of {RVFV}.},
  keywords = {{AFRIQUE} ; {PENINSULE} {ARABIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {e2237},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060491},
}