%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Valdès, A.
%A Polvé, M.
%A Munoz, Marguerite
%A Toutain, Jean-Paul
%A Morata, D.
%T Geochemical features of aerosols in Santiago de Chile from time series analysis
%D 2013
%L fdi:010060480
%G ENG
%J Environmental Earth Sciences
%@ 1866-6280
%K Geochemistry ; Particulate matter ; Source ; Pollution ; Trace element
%K CHILI
%M ISI:000321063800023
%N 6
%P 2073-2090
%R 10.1007/s12665-013-2415-y
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060480
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2013/08/010060480.pdf
%V 69
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Santiago, the capital of Chile, suffers from high air pollution levels, especially during winter. An extensive particulate matter (PM) monitoring and analysis program was conducted to quantify elemental concentrations of PM. Size-resolved PM samples (PM2.5 and PM10-2.5) from the La Paz and Las Condes stations in Santiago (2004-2005) were analyzed using ICP-MS. Most trace element concentrations (Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, V, Sb, Pb and As) were higher during winter than during summer and were also higher at the La Paz station than at the Las Condes station. During the highest pollution events, As concentrations in PM2.5 (16 ng m(-3)) exceeded the annual average standard value (6 ng m(-3)). A 10-year time series showed decreasing Pb and As concentrations and slightly increasing Zn, Cu and Mn concentrations. Concentrations of Cr and Ni remained relatively constant. The implementation of new public policies in 1998 may explain the decreasing concentrations of Pb and As. Enrichment factor (EF) calculations identified two principal groups: elements with EF < 10 (Mg, Y, Zr, U Sr, Ca, Ti, and V) and EF > 10 (Rb, K, Cs, Fe, P, Ba, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Sn, Pb, Cu, Mo, Cd, As, Ag, and Sb), which were related to natural and anthropogenic PM sources, respectively. Three main PM sources were identified using factor analysis: a natural source (crustal matter and marine aerosol), combustion and copper smelting. Three other sources were identified using rare earth elements: fluid catalytic crackers, oil-fired power production and catalytic converters.
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