@article{fdi:010060468,
  title = {{HIV} type-1 group {O} infection in {G}abon : low prevalence rate but circulation of genetically diverse and drug-resistant {HIV} type-1 group {O} strains},
  author = {{L}i{\'e}geois, {F}lorian and {B}ou{\'e}, {V}. and {B}utel, {C}hristelle and {M}ouinga-{O}ndeme, {A}. and {S}ica, {J}. and {Z}amba, {C}. and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {D}elaporte, {E}ric and {R}ouet, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he goals of this study conducted in {G}abon were to determine the prevalence rate of {HIV}-1 group {O} ({HIV}-1/{O}) infections and to characterize the genetic diversity of {HIV}-1/{O} strains as well as implications on antiretroviral ({ARV}) drug resistance. {D}uring 2010-2011, 1,176 samples from {HIV}-positive subjects were tested at the {CIRMF} ({C}entre {I}nternational de {R}echerches {M}edicales de {F}ranceville) retrovirology laboratory using an in-house serotyping assay. {P}lasma {HIV}-1/{O} {RNA} viral loads ({VL}) were determined using the {A}bbott {R}eal{T}ime {HIV}-1 assay. {A}fter full genome sequencing, drug resistance patterns were analyzed using two different algorithms ({A}gence {N}ationale de {R}echerches sur le {SIDA} et les hepatites virales and {S}tanford). {O}verall, four subjects (0.34%) were diagnosed as {HIV}-1/{O} infected. {O}ne subject, untreated by {ARV}s, died 2 months after {HIV}-1/{O} diagnosis. {O}ne was lost to follow-up. {T}wo additional patients, treated with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ({NNRTI})-based regimens, showed {CD}4 counts <200/mm(3) and {VL} results of 101,000 and 10,050 cp/ml. {A}fter full-length genome sequencing of these two strains, we found a wide range of natural polymorphism in the protease (>= 15 substitutions) and gp41 ({N}42{D} mutation) genes, as well as in the gag and gag-pol cleavage sites. {N}o resistance mutation was detected in the integrase gene. {T}hese two strains harbored the {Y}181{C} mutation making them resistant to {NNRTI}s. {M}41{L}, {M}184{V}, and {T}215{Y} mutations were also found for one strain, making it resistant to all {NRTI}s by the {S}tanford algorithm. {E}ven if {HIV}-1/{O} infection is low in {G}abon, an accurate diagnosis and a reliable virological follow-up are required in {C}entral {A}frica to optimize {ARV} treatments of {HIV}-1/{O}-infected patients.},
  keywords = {{GABON}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}ids {R}esearch and {H}uman {R}etroviruses},
  volume = {29},
  numero = {7},
  pages = {1085--1090},
  ISSN = {0889-2229},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1089/aid.2012.0375},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060468},
}