@article{fdi:010060418, title = {{T}he independent acquisition of plant root nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in {F}abids recruited the same genetic pathway for nodule organogenesis}, author = {{S}vistoonoff, {S}ergio and {B}enabdoun, {F}. {M}. and {N}ambiar-{V}eetil, {M}. and {I}manishi, {L}. and {V}aissayre, {V}irginie and {C}esari, {S}. and {D}iagne, {N}. and {H}ocher, {V}al{\'e}rie and de {B}illy, {F}. and {B}onneau, {J}ocelyne and {W}all, {L}. and {Y}khlef, {N}. and {R}osenberg, {C}. and {B}ogusz, {D}idier and {F}ranche, {C}laudine and {G}herbi, {H}assen}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{O}nly species belonging to the {F}abid clade, limited to four classes and ten families of {A}ngiosperms, are able to form nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbioses ({RNS}) with soil bacteria. {T}his concerns plants of the legume family ({F}abaceae) and {P}arasponia ({C}annabaceae) associated with the {G}ram-negative proteobacteria collectively called rhizobia and actinorhizal plants associated with the {G}ram-positive actinomycetes of the genus {F}rankia. {C}alcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ({CC}a{MK}) is a key component of the common signaling pathway leading to both rhizobial and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses ({AM}) and plays a central role in cross-signaling between root nodule organogenesis and infection processes. {H}ere, we show that {CC}a{MK} is also needed for successful actinorhiza formation and interaction with {AM} fungi in the actinorhizal tree {C}asuarina glauca and is also able to restore both nodulation and {AM} symbioses in a {M}edicago truncatula ccamk mutant. {B}esides, we expressed auto-active {C}g{CC}a{MK} lacking the auto-inhibitory/{C}a{M} domain in two actinorhizal species: {C}. glauca ({C}asuarinaceae), which develops an intracellular infection pathway, and {D}iscaria trinervis ({R}hamnaceae) which is characterized by an ancestral intercellular infection mechanism. {I}n both species, we found induction of nodulation independent of {F}rankia similar to response to the activation of {CC}a{MK} in the rhizobia-legume symbiosis and conclude that the regulation of actinorhiza organogenesis is conserved regardless of the infection mode. {I}t has been suggested that rhizobial and actinorhizal symbioses originated from a common ancestor with several independent evolutionary origins. {O}ur findings are consistent with the recruitment of a similar genetic pathway governing rhizobial and {F}rankia nodule organogenesis.}, keywords = {}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{P}los {O}ne}, volume = {8}, numero = {5}, pages = {e64515}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, year = {2013}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0064515}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060418}, }