@article{fdi:010060345,
  title = {{P}revalence of the molecular marker of {P}lasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine in {B}enin seven years after the change of malaria treatment policy},
  author = {{O}gouyemi-{H}ounto, {A}. and {T}uikue {N}dam, {N}icaise and {G}azard, {D}. {K}. and d'{A}lmeida, {S}. and {K}oussihoude, {L}. and {O}llo, {E}. and {A}zagnandji, {C}. and {B}ello, {M}. and {C}hippaux, {J}ean-{P}hilippe and {M}assougbodji, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}n {B}enin, the {N}ational {M}alaria {C}ontrol {P}rogramme ({NMCP}) changed the policy of malaria treatment in 2004 following increasing of failure rate of treatment with chloroquine ({CQ}) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine ({SP}). {T}he objective of this study was to determinate the prevalence of {P}lasmodium falciparum molecular markers that are associated with resistance to {CQ} and {SP} in {B}enin seven years after the new policy was instituted. {M}ethods: {T}he study was conducted in southern {B}enin, a region characterized by a perennial malaria transmission. {B}lood samples were collected in 2011 from children presenting with symptomatic and asymptomatic {P}. falciparum infections and living in the same area. {T}he prevalence of critical point mutations in the genes of pfcrt (codon 76), pfmdr1 (codon 86), pfdhfr (codons, 51, 59 and 108) and pfdhps (codons 437, 540) was examined in parasite isolates by mutation-specific restriction enzyme digestion of nested {PCR} products. {R}esults: {A} high prevalence of parasites carrying point mutations in all studied targets was found: {T}76: 93.9% [89.8; 96.7], {I}51: 96.2% [92.7; 98.4], {R}59: 93, 9% [89.7; 96.7], {N}108: 97.6% [94.6; 99.2] and {G}437: 71.4% [64.8; 77.4]. {N}o mutation was found at codon 540 of the pfdhps gene. {T}he proportion of parasite isolates carrying triple mutation in the pfdhfr gene {IRN} ({I}51, {R}59 and{N}108) and quadruple mutation on the combination of pfdhfr/pfdhps {IRNG} ({I}51, {R}59, {N}108 and {G}437) was 91.5% [86.9; 94.9] and 65.7% [58.9; 72.1], respectively. {A}nalysis of mutation in relation to the clinical status (symptomatic or asymptomatic) and according to age (younger or older than 10 years) showed similar very high frequencies in each category without significant difference between two groups. {C}onclusions: {T}hese results suggest a persistence level of resistance of {P}. falciparum to {CQ} and {SP}, seven years after the recommendation of the change of malaria treatment policy in {B}enin. {T}he distribution of mutations studied was neither related to age nor to clinical status.},
  keywords = {{P}revalence-mutation ; {P}. falciparum ; {C}hloroquine ; {S}ulphadoxine-pyrimethamine ; {BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {},
  pages = {147},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-12-147},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060345},
}