@article{fdi:010058862,
  title = {{M}ale-specific {DNA} markers provide genetic evidence of an {XY} chromosome system, a recombination arrest and allow the tracing of paternal lineages in date palm},
  author = {{C}herif, {E}. and {Z}ehdi, {S}. and {C}astillo, {K}. and {C}habrillange, {N}athalie and {A}bdoulkader, {S}. and {P}intaud, {J}ean-{C}hristophe and {S}antoni, {S}. and {S}alhi-{H}annachi, {A}. and {G}lemin, {S}. and {A}berlenc {B}ertossi, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}rique},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{W}hether sex chromosomes are differentiated is an important aspect of our knowledge of dioecious plants, such as date palm ({P}hoenix dactylifera). {I}n this crop plant, the female individuals produce dates, and are thus the more valuable sex. {H}owever, there is no way to identify the sex of date palm plants before reproductive age, and the sex-determining mechanism is still unclear. {T}o identify sex-linked microsatellite markers, we surveyed a set of 52 male and 55 female genotypes representing the geographical diversity of the species. {W}e found three genetically linked loci that are heterozygous only in males. {M}ale-specific alleles allowed us to identify the gender in 100% of individuals. {T}hese results confirm the existence of an {XY} chromosomal system with a nonrecombining {XY}-like region in the date palm genome. {T}he distribution of {Y} haplotypes in western and eastern haplogroups allowed us to trace two male ancestral paternal lineages that account for all known {Y} diversity in date palm. {T}he very low diversity associated with {Y} haplotypes is consistent with clonal paternal transmission of a nonrecombining male-determining region. {O}ur results establish the date palm as a biological model with one of the most ancient sex chromosomes in flowering plants.},
  keywords = {dioecy ; microsatellite markers ; {P}hoenix dactylifera (date palm) ; sex chromosomes ; sex determination ; suppression of recombination ; {TUNISIE} ; {MAROC} ; {ITALIE} ; {DJIBOUTI} ; {OMAN} ; {IRAK} ; {SYRIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ew {P}hytologist},
  volume = {197},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {409--415},
  ISSN = {0028-646{X}},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1111/nph.12069},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058862},
}