@article{fdi:010058831,
  title = {{D}ifferences in morphometry and activity among {T}abanid fly assemblages in an {A}ndean tropical montane cloud forest : indication of altitudinal migration ?},
  author = {{C}ardenas, {R}. {E}. and {H}ernandez-{L}, {N}. and {B}arragan, {A}. {R}. and {D}angles, {O}livier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{E}vidence suggests that variations along ecological gradients shape organism traits such as behavior or morphometry. {W}e studied the effect of altitude on the flight activity of tropical tabanid fly assemblages of one species of {S}typommisa {E}nderlein along a 1 km altitudinal gradient on the northwestern slopes of the {E}cuadorian {A}ndes. {O}ur objectives were as follows: (1) to test the hypothesis that highland individuals present larger flight body structures; and (2) to compare the flight activity patterns of flies' assemblages among altitudes and correlate it with weather factors. {W}e sampled specimens in {M}alaise traps at 1180, 1680 and 2180 m of altitude from 0600 to 1830 h for 20 d at each site. {S}even weather variables were measured every hour and flight activity was inferred from relative tabanid fly abundances/hour in traps. {W}e measured morphometrical parameters that included tabanid fly body size, thorax volume, wing area and wing loading. {F}light activity patterns revealed a bimodal distribution at 1680 m, and two asynchronous unimodal distributions, one at 1180 and one at 2180 m. {GLM} analyses revealed that temperature, mist and rainfall were the best predictors of fly activity differences among altitudes. {M}orphometrical analyses showed that body size and thorax volume increased with increasing altitude. {S}ynchronous groups of flies at different altitudes (those between 1180-1680((pm)) m, and 1680((am))-2180 m) were morphologically similar, suggesting that flies could be capable of migrating from highlands to lowlands at defined hours of the day depending on forest weather conditions.},
  keywords = {altitude ; {E}cuador ; flight behavior ; {L}os {C}edros ; mist ; weather variables ; {EQUATEUR} ; {ANDES}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}iotropica},
  volume = {45},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {63--72},
  ISSN = {0006-3606},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00885.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058831},
}