@article{fdi:010058215,
  title = {{G}ender obesity inequities are huge but differ greatly according to environment and socio-economics in a north african setting : a national cross-sectional study in {T}unisia},
  author = {{E}l {A}ti, {J}. and {T}raissac, {P}ierre and {D}elpeuch, {F}rancis and {A}ounallah-{S}khiri, {H}. and {B}eji, {C}. and {E}ymard-{D}uvernay, {S}abrina and {B}ougatef, {S}. and {K}olsteren, {P}. and {M}aire, {B}ernard and {B}en {R}omdhane, {H}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}ntroduction: {S}outhern {M}editerranean countries have experienced a marked increase in the prevalence of obesity whose consequences for gender related health inequities have been little studied. {W}e assessed gender obesity inequalities and their environmental and socio-economic modifiers among {T}unisian adults. {M}ethods: {C}ross-sectional survey in 2005; national, 3 level random cluster sample of 35-70 years {T}unisians (women: n = 2964, men: n = 2379). {O}verall adiposity was assessed by {BMI} = weight(kg)/height(m)(2) and obesity was {BMI} >= 30, {WH}t{R} = waist circumference to height ratio defined abdominal obesity as {WH}t{R} >= 0.6. {G}ender obesity inequality measure was women versus men {P}revalence {P}roportion {O}dds-{R}atio ({OR}); models featuring gender x covariate interaction assessed variation of gender obesity inequalities with area (urban versus rural), age, marital status or socio-economic position (profession, education, household income proxy). {R}esults: {BMI} was much higher among women (28.4(0.2)) versus men (25.3(0.1)), {P}<0.0001) as was obesity (37.0% versus 13.3%, {OR} = 3.8[3.1-7.4], {P}<0.0001) and abdominal obesity (42.6% versus 15.6%, 4.0[3.3-4.8], {P}<0.0001). {G}ender obesity inequalities (women versus men adjusted {OR}) were higher in urban ({OR} = 3.3[1.3-8.7]) than rural ({OR} = 2.0[0.7-5.5]) areas. {T}hese gender obesity inequalities were lower for subjects with secondary education or more ({OR} = 3.3[1.3-8.6]), than among those with no schooling ({OR} = 6.9[2.0-23.3]). {T}hey were also lower for those with upper/intermediate profession ({OR} = 1.4[0.5-4.3]) or even employees/workers {OR} = 2.3[1.0-5.4] than those not professionaly active at all ({OR} = 3.3[1.3-8.6]). {S}imilar results were observed for addominal obesity. {C}onclusion: {T}he huge overall gender obesity inequities (women much more corpulent than men) were higher in urban settings, but lower among subjects of higher education and professional activity. {R}easons for gender inequalities in obesity and their variation with socio-economic position should be sought so that appropriate policies to reduce these inequalities can be implemented in {T}unisia and similar settings.},
  keywords = {{MALADIE} {NUTRITIONNELLE} ; {OBESITE} ; {ANTHROPOMETRIE} {NUTRITIONNELLE} ; {RELATION} {DE} {GENRE} ; {AGE} {PHYSIOLOGIQUE} ; {ETAT} {MATRIMONIAL} ; {STATUT} {SOCIOECONOMIQUE} ; {NIVEAU} {D}'{INSTRUCTION} ; {REVENU} ; {SANTE} {PUBLIQUE} ; {ENQUETE} ; {MILIEU} {URBAIN} ; {ANALYSE} {DE} {REGRESSION} ; {TRANSITION} {ALIMENTAIRE} ; {TUNISIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {10},
  pages = {e48153},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0048153},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058215},
}