@article{fdi:010055997,
  title = {{E}vaporation from heterogeneous and sparse canopies : on the formulations related to multi-source representations},
  author = {{L}homme, {J}ean-{P}aul and {M}ontes, {C}. and {J}acob, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {P}revot, {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{E}vaporation from heterogeneous and sparse canopies is often represented by multi-source models that take the form of electrical analogues based upon resistance networks. {T}he chosen representation de facto imposes a specific form on the composition of elementary fluxes and resistances. {T}he two- and three-source representations are discussed in relation to previous work where some ambiguities arise. {U}sing the two-layer model ({S}huttleworth and {W}allace, {Q} {J} {R} {M}eteorol {S}oc 111:839-855, 1985) and the clumped (three-source) model ({B}renner and {I}ncoll, {A}gric {F}or {M}eteorol 84:187-205, 1997) as a basis, it is shown that the stomatal characteristics of the foliage (amphistomatous or hypostomatous) generate different formulations. {N}ew generic and more concise equations, valid in both configurations, are derived. {T}he differences between the patch and layer approaches are outlined and the consequences they have on the composition and formulation of component fluxes are specified. {T}hen, the issue of calculating the effective resistances of the single-layer model from multi-source representations is addressed. {F}inally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to illustrate the significance of the new formulations.},
  keywords = {{B}ig leaf model ; {E}ffective parameters ; {E}vaporation ; {H}eterogeneous and sparse vegetation ; {M}ulti-layer models},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}oundary-{L}ayer {M}eteorology},
  volume = {144},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {243--262},
  ISSN = {0006-8314},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10546-012-9713-x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055997},
}