@article{fdi:010053861,
  title = {{D}iurnal to inter-annual dynamics of p{CO}(2) recorded by a {CARIOCA} sensor in a temperate coastal ecosystem (2003-2009)},
  author = {{B}ozec, {Y}. and {M}erlivat, {L}. and {B}audoux, {A}. {C}. and {B}eaumont, {L}. and {B}lain, {S}. and {B}ucciarelli, {E}va and {D}anguy, {T}. and {G}rossteffan, {E}. and {G}uillot, {A}. and {G}uillou, {J}. and {R}epecaud, {M}. and {T}reguer, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}igh-frequency p{CO}(2) and ancillary data were recorded for seven years during the first deployment of a {CAR}bon {I}nterface {OC}ean {A}tmosphere ({CARIOCA}) sensor in the surface waters of a temperate coastal ecosystem, the {B}ay of {B}rest, which is impacted by both coastal (via estuaries) and oceanic ({N}orth {A}tlantic via the {I}roise {S}ea) water inputs. {T}he {CARIOCA} sensor proved to be an excellent tool to constrain the high p{CO}(2) variability in such dynamic coastal ecosystem. {B}iological processes (e.g. pelagic photosynthesis/respiration) were the main drivers of the seasonal and diurnal p{CO}(2) dynamics throughout seven years of observations. {A}utotrophic processes were responsible for abrupt p{CO}(2) drawdown of 100 to 200 mu atm in spring. {D}uring the spring bloom, diurnal variations were driven by did l biological cycle. {T}he average daily drawdown due to autotrophy (observed during highest daily {PAR}) was equivalent to 10 to 60% of the total p{CO}(2) drawdown observed every year during the spring season. {F}rom late summer to fall, heterotrophic processes increased p{CO}(2) in the surface water of the {B}ay back to the pre-bloom level. {T}he average daily increase due to heterotrophy (observed during lowest daily {PAR}) corresponded to 10 to 70% of the total p{CO}(2) increase observed every year during the late summer to fall period. {A}ir-sea {CO}2 fluxes estimates based on hourly, daily and monthly calculations showed that careful consideration of the diurnal variability was needed to accurately estimate air-sea {CO}2 fluxes in the {B}ay of {B}rest. {S}ampling only during daytime or night-time would induce 8 to 36% error on monthly air-sea {CO}2 fluxes. {T}his would in turn reverse the direction of the fluxes at annual level for the {B}ay. {T}he annual emissions of {CO}2 from the surface waters of the {B}ay to the atmosphere showed relatively low inter-annual variations with an average of +0.7 +/- 0.4 mol {C}m-2 yr(-1) computed for the study period. {F}urther, air-sea {CO}2 fluxes computed for the adjacent inner-estuaries and {I}roise {S}ea for an annual cycle were +17 +/- 3 mol {C}m-2 yr(-1) and 0.2 +/- 0.2 mol {C}m-2 yr(-1), respectively. {T}he spatial gradient showed a clear pattern from strong source to sink of {CO}2, from the inner-estuaries to the open oceanic waters of the {N}orth {A}tlantic. {W}e suggest that semi-enclosed {B}ays act as buffers for sea to air emissions of {CO}2 from inner estuaries to adjacent costal seas.},
  keywords = {{H}igh-frequency sensors ; {A}ir-sea {CO}2 exchange ; {D}aily to inter-annual scale ; {C}arbon cycle ; {C}oastal ecosystems ; (47-49 degrees {N} 4-5.5 degrees {W})},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}arine {C}hemistry},
  volume = {126},
  numero = {1-4},
  pages = {13--26},
  ISSN = {0304-4203},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.marchem.2011.03.003},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053861},
}