@article{fdi:010053454,
  title = {{R}edox conditions and heavy metals distribution in mangrove forests receiving effluents from shrimp farms ({T}eremba {B}ay, {N}ew {C}aledonia)},
  author = {{M}archand, {C}yril and {L}allier-{V}erges, {E}. and {A}llenbach, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he mangroves of {N}ew {C}aledonia, in the south {P}acific, act as a buffer between a lagoon of more than 20,000 km(2) and the island, which is characterized by ultramafic rocks and lateritic soils that are exploited for their richness in heavy metals. {W}e will provide a better understanding of the redox conditions, and of heavy metal distributions in mangroves receiving shrimp farm effluents. {S}amples were collected from four areas defined in terms of vegetation composition: a salt flat, an {A}vicennia marina forest, in which effluents are released; a {R}hizophora stylosa forest, and a dead {R}hizophora forest. {T}hey were collected during times of maximum effluent release. {S}ome measurements on pore water were also done during a period without effluent. {C}ores (70 cm deep) were collected at low tide with an {E}ijkelkamp gouge auger, and pore waters were extracted using soil moisture samplers. {P}hysico-chemical parameters (p{H}, {E}h, salinity) were measured by directly inserting the probes into cores. {T}otal nitrogen and total sulfur were also determined. {T}he sedimentary organic content was studied using a {R}ock-{E}val 6 pyrolysis. {F}inally, heavy metal concentrations were determined, both in the solid and the dissolved phases, using an {HR}-{ICP}-{AES}. {T}he distribution of heavy metals in the core collected in the salt flat is mainly controlled, on the one hand, by the sedimentary organic content, and on the other hand, by the elevation of the area, which induced dessication. {T}he release of effluent within the {A}vicennia stand induced anoxic conditions on the whole depth profile, while these conditions are suboxic without effluent release, probably inducing different metal speciation. {T}he {R}hizophora forests, located at 100 m from the release point, do not seem to show any impact from the effluent phase, as indicated by the redox profiles which show similar results with and without effluent release. {B}eneath these two stands, conditions are mainly anoxic and sulfidic, as a result of the decomposition of high organic matter content. {T}he release of effluent within the {A}vicennia stand, by modifying the length of waterlogging, clearly modifies the redox conditions. {W}e suggest that the differences in redox conditions between the two periods modify the carrier phase of heavy metals, being mainly associated with sulfides during effluent release. {M}etals are thus less mobile, and consequently when mangrove receives effluents, they act as a sink for trace metals.},
  keywords = {{H}eavy metals ; {M}angrove ; {N}ew {C}aledonia ; {O}rganic carbon ; {R}edox conditions ; {S}hrimp farm effluent},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {S}oils and {S}ediments},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {529--541},
  ISSN = {1439-0108},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1007/s11368-010-0330-3},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053454},
}