@article{fdi:010053104,
  title = {{CAROLS} : a new airborne {L}-band radiometer for ocean surface and land observations},
  author = {{Z}ribi, {M}ehrez and {P}arde, {M}. and {B}outin, {J}. and {F}anise, {P}. and {H}auser, {D}. and {D}echambre, {M}. and {K}err, {Y}ann and {L}educ-{L}eballeur, {M}. and {R}everdin, {G}. and {S}kou, {N}. and {S}objaerg, {S}. and {A}lbergel, {C}. and {C}alvet, {J}. {C}. and {W}igneron, {J}. {P}. and {L}opez-{B}aeza, {E}. and {R}ius, {A}. and {T}enerelli, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he "{C}ooperative {A}irborne {R}adiometer for {O}cean and {L}and {S}tudies" ({CAROLS}) {L}-{B}and radiometer was designed and built as a copy of the {EMIRAD} {II} radiometer constructed by the {T}echnical {U}niversity of {D}enmark team. {I}t is a fully polarimetric and direct sampling correlation radiometer. {I}t is installed on board a dedicated {F}rench {ATR}42 research aircraft, in conjunction with other airborne instruments ({C}-{B}and scatterometer-{STORM}, the {GOLD}-{RTR} {GPS} system, the infrared {CIMEL} radiometer and a visible wavelength camera). {F}ollowing initial laboratory qualifications, three airborne campaigns involving 21 flights were carried out over {S}outh {W}est {F}rance, the {V}alencia site and the {B}ay of {B}iscay ({A}tlantic {O}cean) in 2007, 2008 and 2009, in coordination with in situ field campaigns. {I}n order to validate the {CAROLS} data, various aircraft flight patterns and maneuvers were implemented, including straight horizontal flights, circular flights, wing and nose wags over the ocean. {A}nalysis of the first two campaigns in 2007 and 2008 leads us to improve the {CAROLS} radiometer regarding isolation between channels and filter bandwidth. {A}fter implementation of these improvements, results show that the instrument is conforming to specification and is a useful tool for {S}oil {M}oisture and {O}cean {S}alinity ({SMOS}) satellite validation as well as for specific studies on surface soil moisture or ocean salinity.},
  keywords = {radiometer ; {CAROLS} ; {L} band ; {SMOS} ; ocean salinity ; soil moisture},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{S}ensors},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {719--742},
  ISSN = {1424-8220},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.3390/s110100719},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053104},
}