@article{fdi:010049371,
  title = {{I}mprovement of electrical resistivity tomography for leachate injection monitoring},
  author = {{C}l{\'e}ment, {R}. and {D}escloitres, {M}arc and {G}unther, {T}. and {O}xarango, {L}. and {M}orra, {C}. and {L}aurent, {J}. {P}. and {G}ourc, {J}. {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{L}eachate recirculation is a key process in the scope of operating municipal waste landfills as bioreactors, which aims to increase the moisture content to optimize the biodegradation in landfills. {G}iven that liquid flows exhibit a complex behaviour in very heterogeneous porous media, in situ monitoring methods are required. {S}urface time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography ({ERT}) is usually proposed. {U}sing numerical modelling with typical 2{D} and 3{D} injection plume patterns and 2{D} and 3{D} inversion codes, we show that wrong changes of resistivity can be calculated at depth if standard parameters are used for time-lapse {ERT} inversion. {M}ajor artefacts typically exhibit significant increases of resistivity (more than +30%) which can be misinterpreted as gas migration within the waste. {I}n order to eliminate these artefacts, we tested an advanced time-lapse {ERT} procedure that includes (i) two advanced inversion tools and (ii) two alternative array geometries. {T}he first advanced tool uses invariant regions in the model. {T}he second advanced tool uses an inversion with a "minimum length" constraint. {T}he alternative arrays focus on (i) a pole-dipole array (2{D} case), and (ii) a star array (3{D} case). {T}he results show that these two advanced inversion tools and the two alternative arrays remove almost completely the artefacts within +/-5% both for 2{D} and 3{D} situations. {A}s a field application, time-lapse {ERT} is applied using the star array during a 3{D} leachate injection in a non-hazardous municipal waste landfill. {T}o evaluate the robustness of the two advanced tools, a synthetic model including both true decrease and increase of resistivity is built. {T}he advanced time-lapse {ERT} procedure eliminates unwanted artefacts, while keeping a satisfactory image of true resistivity variations. {T}his study demonstrates that significant and robust improvements can be obtained for time-lapse {ERT} monitoring of leachate recirculation in waste landfills.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{W}aste {M}anagement},
  volume = {30},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {452--464},
  ISSN = {0956-053{X}},
  year = {2010},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.wasman.2009.10.002},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010049371},
}