Effect of growth regulators on microspore embryogenesis in coconut anthersPerera, P. I. P.Yakandawala, D. M. D.Hocher, ValérieVerdeil, J. L.Weerakoon, L. K.AndrogenesisAnther cultureAuxinCytokininCallusCocos nuciferaEmbryoThe effect of growth regulators on induction of androgenesis in coconut was investigated using seven different growth regulators at various concentrations and combinations. Three auxins (1-naphthalene acetic acid-NAA, indoleacetic acid-IAA, picloram) and three cytokinins (2-isopentyl adenine-2-iP, kinetin, zeatin) were tested either alone or in combination with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), using modified Eeuwens Y3 liquid medium as the basal medium. Among the tested auxins, 100 mu M NAA in combination with 100 mu M 2,4-D enhanced the production of calli/embryos (123) whereas IAA and picloram showed negative and detrimental effects, respectively, for androgenesis induction over 100 mu M 2,4-D alone. Kinetin and 2-iP enhanced the production of calli/embryos when 100 mu M 2,4-D was present in the culture medium. Both cytokinins at 10 mu M yielded the highest frequencies of embryos (113 and 93, respectively) whereas zeatin (1 or 2.5 mu M) had no impact on microspore embryogenesis. When calli/embryos (produced from different treatments in different experiments) were sub-cultured in somatic embryo induction medium (Y-3 medium containing 66 mu M 2,4-D), followed by maturation medium (Y-3 medium without growth regulators) and germination medium (Y-3 medium containing 5 mu M-6-benzyladenine-BA and 0.35 mu M gibberellic acid-GA(3)), plantlets were regenerated at low frequencies (in most treatments ranging from 0% to 7%).2009texthttp://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010048291oai:ird.fr:fdi:010048291Perera P. I. P., Yakandawala D. M. D., Hocher Valérie, Verdeil J. L., Weerakoon L. K. Effect of growth regulators on microspore embryogenesis in coconut anthers. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2009, 96 (2), p. 171-180.