@article{fdi:010042714,
  title = {{S}easonal variations and trends in weight and arm circumference of non-pregnant rural {S}enegalese women, 1990-1997},
  author = {{S}imondon, {K}irsten and {N}diaye, {T}. and {D}ia, {M}. and {Y}am, {A}. and {N}diaye, {M}. and {M}arra, {A}. and {D}iallo, {A}. and {S}imondon, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjective: {T}o describe levels, monthly variations and trends in weight and arm circumference of non-pregnant lactating women living in the {S}ahel, characterized by one short yearly rainy season ({J}uly-{O}ctober). {M}ethods: {A} mixed unbalanced cross-sectional longitudinal observational study conducted at 3, 5, 7 and 10 months postpartum among 3869 women living in the {S}ine area in central {S}enegal who had brought their infants into dispensaries for immunization from {J}anuary 1990 to {F}ebruary 1997, and 1-5 consecutive children per woman ( 26 106 visits). {R}esults: {M}ean weight was 55.7 kg (s.d.: 7.1), but it varied by 2.5-3.9 kg each year, from high means during the dry season ( {M}arch-{M}ay) to low means at the end of the rainy season ({S}eptember-{N}ovember). {T}he prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity ( body mass index ({BMI}) <18.5, 25-29.9 and 430 kg/m(2), respectively) was 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 7.3, 7.9), 6.4% (6.1, 6.7) and 0.4% ( 0.3, 0.4), but varied strongly by season ({P}<0.0001 for all). {U}nlike weight, mean arm increased during the early rains, a peak season of agricultural work (+0.10 cm/month (s.d.:0.6) from {J}une to {A}ugust vs -0.35 kg/month (s.d.: 1.1) for weight). {BMI} and arm circumference were positively associated with age (mean: 20.8 vs 22.2 kg/m(2) and 25.3 vs 27.4 cm, at 20-24 and 40-49 years, respectively, {P}<0.0001 for both). {C}onclusions: {S}eason was a major determinant of the anthropometric status of rural {A}frican women. {N}egative energy balance reduced body weight from the onset of agricultural labour, while arm circumference increased during early rains, probably due to high physical activity.},
  keywords = {{S}eason ; {W}eight change ; {U}nderweight ; {A}frica ; {P}opulation},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}uropean {J}ournal of {C}linical {N}utrition},
  volume = {62},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {997--1004},
  ISSN = {0954-3007},
  year = {2008},
  DOI = {10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602807},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010042714},
}