@article{fdi:010042446,
  title = {2{D} magnetic resonance tomography applied to karstic conduit imaging},
  author = {{G}irard, {J}. {F}. and {B}oucher, {M}. and {L}egchenko, {A}natoli and {B}altassat, {J}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{K}arstic conduits play a crucial role for water supply in many parts of the world. {H}owever, the imaging of such targets is generally a difficult task for most geophysical methods. {M}agnetic {R}esonance {S}ounding ({MRS}) is a geophysical method designed for imaging of water bearing structures. {I}nitially, {MRS} was developed for characterizing horizontally stratified aquifers. {H}owever, when applying a {I} {D} {MRS} measuring setup to the imaging of 2{D}-3{D} targets, the size of which may be much smaller than the loop, the accuracy and the lateral resolution may not be sufficient. {W}e have studied the possibility of simultaneously processing several {MRS} aligned along a profile to perform a {M}agnetic {R}esonance {T}omography ({MRT}). {T}his work emphasizes the gain of resolution for 2{D}-3{D} imagery of {MRT} versus the interpolation of {ID} inversion results of {MRS} along the same profile. {N}umerical modelling results show that the {MRT} response is sensitive to the size and location of the 2{D} target in the subsurface. {S}ensitivity studies reveal that by using the coincident transmitting/receiving ({TX}/{RX}) setup and shifting the loop around the anomaly area, the depth, section and position of a single karstic conduit with a size smaller than the {MRS} loop size can be resolved. {T}he accuracy of the results depends on the noise level and signal level, the latter parameter being linked to the depth and volume of the karstic conduit and the water content in the limestone matrix. {I}t was shown that when applying {MRT} to the localization of 2{D} anomalies such as karstic conduits, the inclination of the geomagnetic field, the orientation of the {MRT} profile and the angle of crossover of the conduit by the {MRT} profile must be taken into account. {O}therwise additional errors in interpretation should be expected. {A} 2{D} inversion scheme was developed and tested. {B}oth numerical and experimental results confirm the efficiency of the developed approach.},
  keywords = {{MRS} ; {MRT} ; {SNMR} ; {PMR} ; magnetic resonance sounding ; magnetic resonance tomography ; surface nuclear magnetic resonance ; proton magnetic resonance ; karstic conduit ; groundwater},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {A}pplied {G}eophysics},
  volume = {63},
  numero = {3-4},
  pages = {103--116},
  ISSN = {0926-9851},
  year = {2007},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jappgeo.2007.08.001},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010042446},
}