Analisis del comportamiento de cultivos en tepetate t3 incorporado a la agricultura de temporal, Texcoco (Mexico)

1997

Colloque

Baez A., Ascencio E., Prat Christian, Marquez A.

Zebrowski Claude (ed.), Prat Christian, Trujillo G. (ed.), Villamar M.D. (collab.) Suelos volcanicos endurecidos

Quito (ECU) ; Quito (ECU) ; Quito (ECU) ; Quito : UE: ORSTOM ; PUCE ; UCE, 1997, p. 296-310

Suelos Volcanicos Endurecidos, 3., Quito (ECU), 1996/12/9-14

The purpose of this study is to precise the conditions of agricultural reclamation of tepetate in the eastern part of the Mexico valley (Texcoco). The Tepetate is a compact and sterile material. The lack of nitrogen, carbon and the poor biological activity limit the possibility of plant development. But after the use of heavy machinery and terracing, it is possible, under certain conditions, to use this new soil for agriculture. From 1993 until 1996, we compared native soil and different treatments applied to the tepetate reclaimed, such as the deepness of the reclamation, the use of chemical/biological fertilisers, the mono-culture/associated cultures, the tillage practices of the new soil on 6 different terraces of 700 m2. One of our goals was to find the best ways to use the new tepetate soils as real agricultural soils. The conclusions complete those of previous works. It is necessary to use a cereal of small seeds (wheat, barley...) in association with a leguminous, especially the Medicago polimorfa, the first year of cultivation. The use of corn is possible since the second year, but with a high quantity of fertilisers, especially the Medicago polimorfa, the first year of cultivation. The use of corn is possible since the second year, but with a high quantity of fertilisers, especially of nitrogen. It is also important to supply those elements in two or three applications instead of one. It is always better to use association than monoculture. In the case of corn, the association with string bean is excellent, while it is possible but risky with red bean. The action of the manure is not very efective if it is not complemented at the moment of the seeding with some synthetical fertilisers. The best depth for tepetate reclamation is 40-50 cm. In fact, in this regions, the main problem is not really the condition of reclaiming of the tepetates but the poor quantities and the unpredictable distribution of precipitations during the rainy season. (Résumé d'auteur).

Erosion et conservation des sols [068EROSOL] ; Agronomie générale [076AGRO]

AGRICULTURE ; SYSTEME DE CULTURE ; MISE EN VALEUR DU SOL ; FERTILISATION DU SOL ; ENGRAIS MINERAL ; ENGRAIS ORGANIQUE ; RECOLTE ; PLUVIOMETRIE ; PRODUCTIVITE AGRICOLE ; TEPETATE ; REHABILITATION DU SOL ; SOL VOLCANIQUE

MEXIQUE

Fonds IRD [F A010012910] ; Montpellier (Centre IRD)

fdi:010012921