@article{fdi:010007720,
  title = {{R}ates of mother-to-child transmission of {HIV}-1 in {A}frica, {A}merica and {E}urope : results from 13 perinatal studies},
  author = {{M}sellati, {P}hilippe and {N}ewell, {M}.{L}. and {D}abis, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he goal of this exercise was to provide estimates of the mother-to-child transmission rate ({TR}) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ({HIV}-1), calculated according to standardized methods. {P}rospective cohort studies in {A}frica, the {C}aribbean, {E}urope, and the {USA} observed from birth children born to women known to be {HIV} infected at the time of delivery. {TR}s were calculated and compared by investigators during a meeting in {G}hent ({B}elgium) in {S}eptember 1993 according to agreed methodology. {TR}s were calculated following the direct and the indirect methods developed in 1992 by the {G}hent {W}orking {G}roup. {T}he direct method uses a classification of children born to {HIV}-seropositive mothers according to their probable {HIV} infection status at 15 months of age or before, if they die or are lost to follow-up. {M}inimum, intermediate, and maximum estimates of {TR} are computed depending on how children classified as indeterminate are counted. {T}he indirect method is applied for studies with a comparison cohort of children born to {HIV}-seronegative mothers. {TR}s in developed countries ranged from 14 to 25% with the direct method (intermediate estimate). {I}n the developing world, they ranged from 13 to 42% with the direct method, from 21 to 43% with the indirect method, and most of the studies reported a {TR} in the range of 25 to 30%. {W}ith use of a standardized methodology, the overall {TR} of {HIV}-1 tends to be higher in {A}frica than in {E}urope or the {USA}. {T}he variation in {TR}s is probably due to differences in factors associated with increased risk of transmission. {T}his is of importance for the design and implementation of trials evaluating interventions aimed at reducing mother-to-child transmission of {HIV}. ({R}{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{SIDA} ; {EPIDEMIOLOGIE} ; {TRANSMISSION} ; {FEMME} ; {GROSSESSE} ; {FOETUS} ; {VIRUS} {HIV}-1 ; {TRANSMISSION} {FOETOMATERNELLE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {A}cquired of {I}mmune {D}eficiency {S}yndromes and {H}uman {R}etrovirology},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {506--510},
  ISSN = {0894-9255},
  year = {1995},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010007720},
}