@article{PAR00014430,
  title = {{S}ynergistic activity of antibiotics combined with ivermectin to kill body lice},
  author = {{S}angare, {A}. {K}. and {R}olain, {J}. {M}. and {G}audart, {J}. and {W}eber, {P}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}vermectin and doxycycline have been found to be independently effective in killing body lice. {I}n this study, 450 body lice were artificially fed on a {P}arafilm ({TM}) membrane with human blood associated with antibiotics (doxycycline, erythromycin, rifampicin and azithromycin) alone and in combination with ivermectin. {F}luorescence in situ hybridisation and spectral deconvolution were performed to evaluate bacterial transcriptional activity following antibiotic intake by the lice. {I}n the first series, a lethal effect of antibiotics on lice was observed compared with the control group at 18 days (log-rank test, {P} < 10(-3)), with a significant difference between groups in the production of nits ({P}=0.019, {K}ruskal-{W}allis test). {A} high lethal effect of ivermectin alone (50 ng/m{L}) was observed compared with the control group (log-rank test, {P} <= 10(-3)). {F}luorescence of bacteriocytes in lice treated with 20 mu g/m{L} doxycycline was lower than in untreated lice ({P}<0.0001, {K}ruskal-{W}allis test). {I}n the second series with antibiotic-ivermectin combinations, a synergistic lethal effect on treated lice (log-rank test, {P} < 10(-6)) was observed compared with the control group at 18 days, associated with a significant decrease in the production of nits ({P} <= 0.001, {K}ruskal-{W}allis test). {A}dditionally, survival of lice in the combination treatment groups compared with ivermectin alone was significant (log-rank test, {P}=0.0008). {T}hese data demonstrate that the synergistic effect of combinations of antibiotics and ivermectin could be used to achieve complete eradication of lice and to avoid selection of a resistant louse population.},
  keywords = {{P}ediculus humanus humanus ; {A}ntibiotics ; {I}vermectin ; {S}ynergistic treatment},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {A}ntimicrobial {A}gents},
  volume = {47},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {217--223},
  ISSN = {0924-8579},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.01.001},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00014430},
}