@article{PAR00014189,
  title = {{A} quasi-universal medium to break the aerobic/anaerobic bacterial culture dichotomy in clinical microbiology},
  author = {{D}ione, {N}. and {K}helaifia, {S}. and {L}a {S}cola, {B}. and {L}agier, {J}. {C}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n the mid-19th century, the dichotomy between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was introduced. {N}evertheless, the aerobic growth of strictly anaerobic bacterial species such as {R}uminococcus gnavus and {F}usobacterium necrophorum, in a culture medium containing antioxidants, was recently demonstrated. {W}e tested aerobically the culture of 623 bacterial strains from 276 bacterial species including 82 strictly anaerobic, 154 facultative anaerobic, 31 aerobic and nine microaerophilic bacterial species as well as ten fungi. {T}he basic culture medium was based on {S}chaedler agar supplemented with 1 g/{L} ascorbic acid and 0.1 g/{L} glutathione ({R}-medium). {W}e successively optimized this media, adding 0.4 g/{L} uric acid, using separate autoclaving of the component, or adding haemin 0.1 g/{L} or a-ketoglutarate 2 g/{L}. {I}n the basic medium, 237 bacterial species and ten fungal species grew but with no growth of 36 bacterial species, including 22 strict anaerobes. {A}dding uric acid allowed the growth of 14 further species including eight strict anaerobes, while separate autoclaving allowed the growth of all tested bacterial strains. {T}o extend its potential use for fastidious bacteria, we added haemin for {H}aemophilus influenzae, {H}aemophilus parainfluenzae and {E}ikenella corrodens and a-ketoglutarate for {L}egionella pneumophila. {T}his medium allowed the growth of all tested strains with the exception of {M}ycobacterium tuberculosis and {M}ycobacterium bovis. {T}esting primoculture and more fastidious species will constitute the main work to be done, but {R}-medium coupled with a rapid identification method (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) will facilitate the anaerobic culture in clinical microbiology laboratories.},
  keywords = {{A}naerobes ; antioxidant ; ascorbic acid ; glutathione ; uric acid},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}linical {M}icrobiology and {I}nfection},
  volume = {22},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {53--58},
  ISSN = {1198-743{X}},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.032},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00014189},
}