@article{PAR00014097,
  title = {{E}cuador {P}araiso {E}scondido {V}irus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in {E}cuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus {F}lavivirus},
  author = {{A}lkan, {C}. and {Z}apata, {S}. and {B}ichaud, {L}. and {M}oureau, {G}. and {L}emey, {P}. and {F}irth, {A}. {E}. and {G}ritsun, {T}. {S}. and {G}ould, {E}. {A}. and de {L}amballerie, {X}avier and {D}epaquit, {J}. and {C}harrel, {R}. {N}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} new flavivirus, {E}cuador {P}araiso {E}scondido virus ({EPEV}), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies ({P}sathyromyia abonnenci, formerly {L}utzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the {N}ew {W}orld. {T}his represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the {N}ew {W}orld. {EPEV} exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. {N}evertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. {P}hylogenetic analysis of the complete coding sequence showed that {EPEV} represents a distinct clade which diverged from a lineage that was ancestral to the nonvectored flaviviruses {E}ntebbe bat virus, {Y}okose virus, and {S}okoluk virus and also the {A}edes-associated mosquito-borne flaviviruses, which include yellow fever virus, {S}epik virus, {S}aboya virus, and others. {EPEV} replicated in {C}6/36 mosquito cells, yielding high infectious titers, but failed to reproduce either in vertebrate cell lines ({V}ero, {BHK}, {SW}13, and {XTC} cells) or in suckling mouse brains. {T}his surprising result, which appears to eliminate an association with vertebrate hosts in the life cycle of {EPEV}, is discussed in the context of the evolutionary origins of {EPEV} in the {N}ew {W}orld. {IMPORTANCE} {T}he flaviviruses are rarely (if ever) vectored by sand fly species, at least in the {O}ld {W}orld. {W}e have identified the first representative of a sand fly-associated flavivirus, {E}cuador {P}araiso {E}scondido virus ({EPEV}), in the {N}ew {W}orld. {EPEV} constitutes a novel clade according to current knowledge of the flaviviruses. {P}hylogenetic analysis of the virus genome showed that {EPEV} roots the {A}edes-associated mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including yellow fever virus. {I}n light of this new discovery, the {N}ew {W}orld origin of {EPEV} is discussed together with that of the other flaviviruses.},
  keywords = {{EQUATEUR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {V}irology},
  volume = {89},
  numero = {23},
  pages = {11773--11785},
  ISSN = {0022-538{X}},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1128/jvi.01543-15},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00014097},
}