@article{PAR00014083,
  title = {{E}valuation of convalescent plasma for {E}bola virus disease in {G}uinea},
  author = {van {G}riensven, {J}. and {E}dwards, {T}. and de {L}amballerie, {X}avier and {S}emple, {M}. {G}. and {G}allian, {P}. and {B}aize, {S}. and {H}orby, {P}. {W}. and {R}aoul, {H}. and {M}agassouba, {N}. and {A}ntierens, {A}. and {L}omas, {C}. and {F}aye, {O}. and {S}all, {A}. {A}. and {F}ransen, {K}. and {B}uyze, {J}. and {R}avinetto, {R}. and {T}iberghien, {P}. and {C}laeys, {Y}. and {D}e {C}rop, {M}. and {L}ynen, {L}. and {B}ah, {E}. {I}. and {S}mith, {P}. {G}. and {D}elamou, {A}. and {D}e {W}eggheleire, {A}. and {H}aba, {N}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{BACKGROUND} {I}n the wake of the recent outbreak of {E}bola virus disease ({EVD}) in several {A}frican countries, the {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization prioritized the evaluation of treatment with convalescent plasma derived from patients who have recovered from the disease. {W}e evaluated the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma for the treatment of {EVD} in {G}uinea. {METHODS} {I}n this nonrandomized, comparative study, 99 patients of various ages (including pregnant women) with confirmed {EVD} received two consecutive transfusions of 200 to 250 ml of {ABO}-compatible convalescent plasma, with each unit of plasma obtained from a separate convalescent donor. {T}he transfusions were initiated on the day of diagnosis or up to 2 days later. {T}he level of neutralizing antibodies against {E}bola virus in the plasma was unknown at the time of administration. {T}he control group was 418 patients who had been treated at the same center during the previous 5 months. {T}he primary outcome was the risk of death during the period from 3 to 16 days after diagnosis with adjustments for age and the baseline cycle-threshold value on polymerase- chain-reaction assay; patients who had died before day 3 were excluded. {T}he clinically important difference was defined as an absolute reduction in mortality of 20 percentage points in the convalescent-plasma group as compared with the control group. {RESULTS} {A} total of 84 patients who were treated with plasma were included in the primary analysis. {A}t baseline, the convalescent-plasma group had slightly higher cycle-threshold values and a shorter duration of symptoms than did the control group, along with a higher frequency of eye redness and difficulty in swallowing. {F}rom day 3 to day 16 after diagnosis, the risk of death was 31% in the convalescent-plasma group and 38% in the control group (risk difference, -7 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [{CI}], -18 to 4). {T}he difference was reduced after adjustment for age and cycle-threshold value (adjusted risk difference, -3 percentage points; 95% {CI}, -13 to 8). {N}o serious adverse reactions associated with the use of convalescent plasma were observed. {CONCLUSIONS} {T}he transfusion of up to 500 ml of convalescent plasma with unknown levels of neutralizing antibodies in 84 patients with confirmed {EVD} was not associated with a significant improvement in survival. ({F}unded by the {E}uropean {U}nion's {H}orizon 2020 {R}esearch and {I}nnovation {P}rogram and others; {C}linical{T}rials. gov number, {NCT}02342171.)},
  keywords = {{GUINEE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ew {E}ngland {J}ournal of {M}edicine},
  volume = {374},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {33--42},
  ISSN = {0028-4793},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1056/{NEJM}oa1511812},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00014083},
}